Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element for human health, playing a key role in regulating cellular oxidative stress, immune response, and inflammation. In recent years, the association between selenium and Parkinson's disease (PD) has aroused people's attention. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between blood selenium concentrations and PD risk in a sample of U.S. adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2011–2020 and included 15,660 adults aged over 40 years old. Univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to analyze the association between blood selenium concentrations and PD prevalence. Additionally, the restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was applied to investigate the dose–response relationships between blood selenium and PD. The findings indicated a link between elevated blood selenium levels and a reduced occurrence of Parkinson's disease (PD). Notably, this association between blood selenium and PD exhibited a non-linear pattern, wherein the decline in PD risk was more pronounced at higher selenium concentrations than at lower levels. An inflection point emerged at approximately 2.4 μmol/L, beyond which the rate of decline in risk significantly diminished with increasing selenium levels. A potential association between blood selenium concentrations and PD has been observed, with PD patients having lower blood selenium levels compared to non-PD patients. Higher levels of blood selenium may have a protective effect against PD. However, further prospective studies are needed to investigate the effect of blood selenium in PD patients and to determine causality.
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Data availability
Publicly available datasets were analyzed in this study. This data can be found here: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/index.htm.
Abbreviations
- NHANES :
-
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
- PD :
-
Parkinson’s disease
- U.S :
-
United States
- RCS :
-
Restricted cubic spline
- BMI :
-
Body mass index
- SD :
-
Standard deviation
- SE :
-
Standard error
- CI :
-
Confidence interval
- OR :
-
Odds ratio
- WHO :
-
World Health Organization
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Acknowledgements
The author thanks the staff and the participants of the NHANES study for their valuable contributions.
Funding
This work was supported by Science and Technology Planning Project of Shenzhen Municipality (KCXFZ20201221173605013).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Zhaohao Zeng. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yanmei Cen and Zhaohao Zeng. Supervision, Editing and Funding acquisitionand were performed by Xiaoguang Luo. And all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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The data used in this study were obtained from the NHANES, conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) with appropriate ethical approval. The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by NCHS and the Research Ethics Review Board (ERB). Written informed consent for participation was not required for this study following the national legislation and the institutional requirements.
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Highlights
• Four different statistical models were utilized to examine the association between blood selenium and PD and demonstrate evidence of negative linear associations from different perspectives.
• RCS models were constructed and showed a nonlinear relationship between PD and blood selenium.
• Subgroup analyses to further analyze the study results and identify any special subgroups in our survey.
• High levels of blood selenium may have a protective effect against PD.
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Zeng, Z., Cen, Y. & Luo, X. Association between blood selenium with parkinson’s disease in the US (NHANES 2011–2020). Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 117349–117359 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-30337-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-30337-7