Abstract
To study the inorganic nitrogen in the process of interaction of river and groundwater and the changes in the microbial community, a vertical simulation device was used to simulate groundwater recharge to river water (upwelling) and river water recharge to groundwater (downwelling). The inorganic nitrogen concentrations in the soil and water solution as well as the characteristics of the microbial community were assessed to determine the inorganic nitrogen transformation and microbial community response in the heterogeneous interaction zone under hydrodynamic action, and the interaction mechanism between nitrogen transformation and the microbial community in the interaction zone was revealed. The removal rates of NO3−-N in the simulated solution reached 99.1% and 99.3% under the two fluid-groundwater conversion modes, and the prolonged hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the oxidization-reduction layer in the fine clay area and the high organic matter content made the inorganic nitrogen transformation process dominated by microorganisms more complete. The denitrification during upwelling, dominated by denitrifying bacteria in Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Arthrobacter, was stronger than that during downwelling. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), controlled by some aerobic bacteria in Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Desulfovibrio, was more intense in downflow mode than upflow mode.
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Not applicable. In order to protect the privacy of my research data and that of the researchers involved, the original data will not be provided. The data are presented in various figures and tables in the manuscript.
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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41877190, 41102150) and the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi (No. 2020ZDLSF06-04, 2021ZDLSF05-05).
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Lei Duan: Methodology, writing—original draft and editing, funding acquisition, supervision. Jinghui Fan: Formal analysis, data curation, writing—original draft. Yike Wang: Software, resources. Yakun Wu: Formal analysis, visualization. Chenchen Xie and Fei Ye: Methodology. Jiajia Lv and Mao Ming: Investigation. Yaqiao Sun: Writing—original draft and editing, supervision.
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Duan, L., Fan, J., Wang, Y. et al. Interaction mechanism between nitrogen conversion and the microbial community in the hydrodynamic heterogeneous interaction zone. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 5799–5814 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22549-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22549-0