Abstract
Fast pyrolysis via rapid infrared heating may significantly enhance the heat transfer and suppress the secondary reaction of the volatiles. The effects of various pyrolysis temperatures on pyrolysis behaviors of anaerobic digestion residues (ADR) were studied in this research utilizing a fixed-bed reactor equipped with rapid infrared heating (IH), as well as to compare the pyrolysis products produced by rapid infrared heating (IH) to those produced by conventional electric heating (EH). Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis revealed that pyrolysis of ADR occurred in three decomposition stages. The results of pyrolysis experiments showed that increasing temperature first raised the bio-oil yield for IH and EH, peaking at 500–600 °C, but thereafter decreased the yield. In contrast to the findings achieved with EH, infrared heating (IH) presented a greater overall bio-oil yield but a lower gas yield. The bio-oil produced by IH increased from 8.35 wt.% at 400 °C to 12.56 wt.% at 500 °C before dropping to 11.22 wt.% at 700 °C. Gaseous products produced by IH have a higher heating value than those generated by EH. Nitrogenous compounds, ketones, and phenols make up the majority of the bio-oil. In the IH bio-oil, nitrogen compounds rose with increasing temperature, while those varied slightly in the EH bio-oil. The phenols content in IH bio-oil was much more than that of EH, exhibiting values of 8.63% and 2.95%, respectively. The findings of the FTIR spectra of biochar indicated that as the temperature increased, the chains of aliphatic side professedly reduced and the structure of biochar became considerably ordered for both heating techniques. The Raman spectra of IH biochar showed that the ratio of AG/AD rose progressively from 0.17 to 0.20 as pyrolysis temperature rose from 500 to 700 °C.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Prof. Yang Yang (Bioenergy Research Group, EBRI, Aston University), for his recommendations and revision.
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This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52104245), the National Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0099), the National Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System (CARS-03–40), and the Fundamental Research Funds of Chongqing City (Nos. CX2019125 and 2019LY41).
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Erfeng Hu wrote the original draft and performed the data proofreading. Moshan Li and Chongyang Dai completed the experiments and data analysis. Yishui Tian and Xiaojian Yi helped revise the manuscript and put forward constructive suggestions. Si Shao, Chenhao Li, and Yunfei Zhao participated in the experiment. All authors revised the report and approved the final version before submission.
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Hu, E., Li, M., Tian, Y. et al. Pyrolysis behaviors of anaerobic digestion residues in a fixed-bed reactor with rapid infrared heating. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 51815–51826 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19558-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19558-4