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Potential distribution of Blumea balsamifera in China using MaxEnt and the ex situ conservation based on its effective components and fresh leaf yield

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Abstract

Blumea balsamifera is a famous Chinese Minority Medicine, which has a long history in Miao, Li, Zhuang, and other minority areas. In recent years, due to the influence of natural and human factors, the distribution area of B. balsamifera resources has a decreasing trend. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the suitability of B. balsamifera in China. Following three climate change scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5) under 2050s and 2070s, geographic information technology (GIS) and maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) were used to simulate the ecological suitability of B. balsamifera. The contents of L-borneol and total flavonoids of B. balsamifera in different populations were determined by gas chromatography (GC) and ultraviolet spectrophotometry (UV). The results showed that the key environmental variables affecting the distribution of B. balsamifera were mean temperature of coldest quarter (6.18–26.57 ℃), precipitation of driest quarter (22.46–169.7 mm), annual precipitation (518.36–1845.29 mm), and temperature seasonality (291.31–878.87). Under current climate situation, the highly suitable habitat was mainly located western Guangxi, southern Yunnan, most of Hainan, southwestern Guizhou, southwestern Guangdong, southeastern Fujian, and western Taiwan, with a total area of 24.1 × 104 km2. The areas of the moderately and poorly suitable habitats were 27.57 × 104 km2 and 42.43 × 104 km2, respectively. Under the future climate change scenarios, the areas of the highly, moderately, and poorly suitable habitats of B. balsamifera showed a significant increasing trend, the geometric center of the total suitable habitats of B. balsamifera would move to the northeast. In recent years, the planting area of B. balsamifera has been reduced on a large scale in Guizhou, and its ex situ protection is imperative. By comparison, the content of L-borneol, total flavonoids and fresh leaf yield had no significant difference between Guizhou and Hainan (P > 0.05), which indicated that Hainan is one of the best choice for ex situ protection of B. balsamifera.

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was funded by the Hainan Natural Science Foundation (No. 2019RC316 and 2019CXTD414), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31870317), the National key R & D Program (No.2017YFC1701802 and 2017YFC1700700), Pilot Project of Collaborative Extension Program of Major Agricultural Technologies of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in 2020 (Agricultural Office Branch [2018] No. 16), the Science and Technology Departement of Sichuan Province (2020YJ0359) and the Technological Development of Meteorological Administration/Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province-2018-Key-05–06).

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  1. Lingliang Guan and YuXia Yang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, People’s Republic of China

    Lingliang Guan

  2. Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sciences, 610041, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China

    YuXia Yang

  3. College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, People’s Republic of China

    Pan Jiang

  4. College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, People’s Republic of China

    Qiuyu Mou, Yunsha Gou & Xueyan Zhu

  5. Institute of Botany, Chengdu Labbio Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China

    Y. Wen Xu

  6. School of Atmospheric Sciences & Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China

    Rulin Wang

  7. Water-Saving Agriculture in Southern Hill Area Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Sichuan, 610066, China

    Rulin Wang

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Lingliang Guan and Yuxia Yang provided relevant data of Blumea balsamifera and required funds for the experiment. Yingwen Xu and Rulin Wang planned and supervised the project. Pan Jiang, Qiuyu Mou, Yunsha Gou, and Xueyan Zhu analyzed the data and performed simulations.

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Guan, L., Yang, Y., Jiang, P. et al. Potential distribution of Blumea balsamifera in China using MaxEnt and the ex situ conservation based on its effective components and fresh leaf yield. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 44003–44019 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18953-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18953-1

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