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Processed animal manure improves morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics of Brassica napus L. under nickel and salinity stress

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Abstract

Soil contamination with readily soluble salts and heavy metals is a major challenge concerning sustainable crop production. The use of organic wastes in agriculture not only helps in waste reduction but also acts as a soil conditioner and bio-stimulant for enhancing crop growth. In this regard, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of raw and processed animal manure (AM) on the growth, yield, and physicochemical parameters of Brassica napus L. developed under salinity and Ni stress. The experiment comprised two salinity levels (1.05 and 8 dS m−1), two Ni levels (0 and 50 mg kg−1), and two types of AMs (raw and processed at a rate of 2% w/w). A control treatment without AM incorporation was also included. In results, the application of AM markedly increased the growth and yield of B. napus under Ni and salinity stress; at the same time, it improved the physiological and chemical parameters of the said crop. Similarly, incorporation of processed AM significantly improved nutrient uptake and decreased Na/K ratios in the shoot and grain under the different stress conditions, as compared to the control. Likewise, Ni uptake in the grain, shoot, and root samples was also significantly reduced under the AM treatment. Also, the application of AM significantly reduced the daily intake of metal (DIM) index and the health risk index (HRI) values under the different stress conditions, as compared to the control. In conclusion, the application of processed AM constitutes an effective agricultural strategy to alleviate the adverse effects of Ni and salinity stress on growth, physiology, and yield of B. napus, thus resulting in enhanced productivity, as well as reduced risks associated with human health.

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences (University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan) for providing research facilities.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Muhammad Naveed, Maryum Ahmad & Zulfiqar Ahmad

  2. Department of Environmental Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Upper Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

    Allah Ditta

  3. School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia

    Allah Ditta

  4. National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China

    Adnan Mustafa, Syed Atizaz Ali Shah & Muhammad Mohsin Abrar

  5. Biology Centre CAS, SoWa, Na Sádkách 7, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

    Adnan Mustafa

  6. Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Fac. Sciences, Univ. Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain

    Manuel Conde-Cid

  7. Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Shermeen Tahir

  8. Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China

    Shah Fahad

  9. Department of Agronomy, University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

    Shah Fahad

Authors
  1. Muhammad Naveed
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  2. Allah Ditta
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  3. Maryum Ahmad
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  4. Adnan Mustafa
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  5. Zulfiqar Ahmad
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  6. Manuel Conde-Cid
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  7. Shermeen Tahir
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  8. Syed Atizaz Ali Shah
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  9. Muhammad Mohsin Abrar
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  10. Shah Fahad
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Contributions

Muhammad Naveed and Shah Fahad conceived the idea of the experiment and provided technical guidance. Allah Ditta, Maryum Ahmad, Adnan Mustafa, and Zulfiqar Ahmad had a major contribution to the overall preparation and carrying out of the research. Manuel Conde-Cid, Shermeen Tahir, Syed Atizaz Ali Shah, and Muhammad Mohsin Abrar contributed to arranging the data for different attributes and provided support for the experiment. Shah Fahad revised and edited the manuscript and provided technical guidance and editing support.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Muhammad Naveed or Shah Fahad.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate

We all declare that manuscript reporting studies do not involve any human participants, human data, or human tissue. So it is not applicable.

Consent for publication

Our manuscript does not contain data from any person, so it is “not applicable.”

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Gangrong Shi

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Naveed, M., Ditta, A., Ahmad, M. et al. Processed animal manure improves morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics of Brassica napus L. under nickel and salinity stress. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 45629–45645 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14004-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14004-3

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