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Protective effects of Citrus limonia oil against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity

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Abstract

Cisplatin is broadly used in the treatment of malignancies. However, the high incidence of nephrotoxicity following cisplatin use deters its clinical utility. Former studies have shown that the essential oils, obtained from Citrus limonia demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The aim of the current work was to evaluate the protective effects of Citrus limonia oil against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Thirty-two adult male mice were divided into four groups, eight mice each. The control group received distilled water, and the second group received a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (20 mg/kg), while the third and fourth groups received cisplatin plus Citrus limonia oil at 100 or 200 mg/kg for 10 days, respectively. GC-MS analysis showed that the major components in Citrus limonia oil were d-limonene, 5-methyl-pentadecane, (n)-menthol, 3,7-dimethyl-(E)-2,6-octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal, and nonadecane. Biochemical analysis showed that cisplatin intoxication was associated with significantly increased (p < 0.05) serum levels of urea and creatine and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as augmented renal tissue oxidative stress. Light microscopic examination showed loss of renal architecture, atrophied glomeruli, interstitial hemorrhage, dilated cortical tubules with cast formation, and excessive collagen production. Electron microscopic examination revealed compressed and karyorrhectic endothelial nuclei with chromatin condensation in the glomeruli, accumulation of mesangial matrix, and obliteration of glomerular blood capillaries. Co-administration of Citrus limonia oil attenuated these effects in renal histopathological, morphometric, and ultrastructural examinations, frequently in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, Citrus limonia oil can ameliorate the toxic effect of cisplatin on mice kidneys, probably through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

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Acknowledgments

This project was supported by King Saud University, Deanship of Scientific Research, College of Science Research Center.

Funding

This project was supported by King Saud University, Deanship of Scientific Research, College of Science Research Center.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Jawahir Alghamdi & Saad Alkahtani

  2. Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt

    Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim

  3. Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

    Omayma M. Mahmoud & Noha A. Salem

  4. Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt

    Manal H. Al Badawi

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  1. Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
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  2. Omayma M. Mahmoud
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  3. Manal H. Al Badawi
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  4. Jawahir Alghamdi
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  5. Saad Alkahtani
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  6. Noha A. Salem
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Correspondence to Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim.

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Abdel-Daim, M.M., Mahmoud, O.M., Al Badawi, M.H. et al. Protective effects of Citrus limonia oil against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 41540–41550 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10066-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10066-x

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