Abstract
Human activities during each phase of coal mine life cycle greatly affect groundwater environment. The groundwater environment destruction is not just only the destruction of underground structure but also the social problems caused by available groundwater resources reduction, as well as the environmental problems affecting ecosystem and human health. Moreover, the groundwater environmental risk of coal mining is complex, dynamic, and long-term. Therefore, a framework and quantitative method for groundwater environmental risk analysis at different phases of the mine life cycle was presented, which is composed of the groundwater system destruction risk (GSDR) and social-economic-ecological vulnerability (SEEV) assessment. The framework was applied in Hongshan abandoned coal mine, North China. Based on the aquifer structure destruction, groundwater flow field evolution, contamination, and social-economic influence analysis, 12 main controlling factors for the GSDR and 7 factors for the SEEV were determined and quantified separately. The results showed that the groundwater contamination of the Hongshan mine mainly occurred after closure, caused by the cross-strata pollution of mine water, which significantly reduced the groundwater available resources, which greatly affected local social-economy sustainable development and residents’ health. The Hongshan mine closure increased groundwater environmental risk, with the GSDR high-risk zone being 12.51 km2 larger than that during the mining phase and the SEEV was calculated at a high level. This framework promotes systematic integration of the groundwater environmental risk assessment in mine life cycle.
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Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the historical data support provided by the “Shandong Geological Environment Monitoring Station” and “Shandong Lunan Institute of Geological Engineering Survey (2017044027)”.
Funding
This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41572344).
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Highlights
1. Groundwater aquifer structure destruction, flow field evolution, and contamination were studied.
2. A new framework for groundwater environmental risk assessment of coal mine life cycle was proposed.
3. Combining social, economic, and ecological vulnerability analysis in risk assessment.
4. Mine closure might increase groundwater environmental risk.
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Feng, H., Zhou, J., Chai, B. et al. Groundwater environmental risk assessment of abandoned coal mine in each phase of the mine life cycle: a case study of Hongshan coal mine, North China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 42001–42021 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10056-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10056-z