Abstract
This study belongs to the biomonitoring program of soil qualities using a land snail, Cantareus aspersus, as bioindicator. The metal-soil contamination in some sites (National Park of El Kala (NPK), El Bouni, Sidi Amar, Nechmaya, and Guelma) located in Northeast Algeria were determined during two seasons (winter and spring 2015, 2016). Glutathione (GSH) content and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were significantly decreased in snails collected during spring as compared with those noticed during winter under bioclimate change. In addition, a significant difference between various sites was observed, depending on the proximity to pollution sources. The significant variation of biomarker levels is a function of the physic-chemical properties of soils when they positively correlated with EC, H, and OM, and negatively correlated with all metallic elements. Moreover, Fe and Al2O3 are the most abundant in all the sites, and the most polluted site was found as that of El Bouni, followed by Sidi Amar, Nechmaya, and Guelma, since NPK is the less polluted site and considered a reference site. The tested biomarkers are sensitive oxidative parameters in snails exposed to pollution correlated significantly with the soil physic-chemical properties and metallic element contents in soil. Indeed, C. aspersus could be used as sentinel species in field monitoring of Mediterranean climate regions.
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to the members of the Laboratory of Quality Control (Sider Complex, El Hadjar, Annaba) for heavy metal analysis.
Funding
This research was supported by the Algerian Fund for Scientific Research of Algeria (Laboratory Applied Animal Biology to Pr. N. Soltani) and by the Ministry of High Education and Scientific Research of Algeria (CNEPRU Project No. F01120140104 to Pr. N. Soltani).
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Douafer, L., Zaidi, N. & Soltani, N. Seasonal variation of biomarker responses in Cantareus aspersus and physic-chemical properties of soils from Northeast Algeria. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 24145–24161 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08694-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08694-4