Abstract
A new biorefinery conceptual process is proposed for biohydrogen and biomethane production from a combination of fruits and vegetable wastes (FVW) and corn stover (CS). The objective of this work was to perform the acid hydrolysis (HCl 0.5% v/v, 120 °C, 2 h) of the FVW and CS at 3:1 dry basis ratio, and to process its main physical phases, liquid hydrolyzates (LH) and hydrolyzed solids (HS), by mesophilic dark fermentation (DF) and anaerobic digestion (AD), respectively. In DF of LH as carbon source, hydrogen was produced at maximum rate of 2.6 mL H2/(gglucose h) and maximum accumulation of 223.8 mL H2/gglucose, equivalent to 2 mol H2/molglucose, in a butyric-pathway-driven fermentation. HS were digested to methane production assessing inoculum to substrate ratios in the range 2–4 ginoculum/gVS. The main results in AD were 14 mmol CH4/gvs. The biorefinery demonstrated the feasibility to integrate the acid hydrolysis as pretreatment and subsequently use the LH for hydrogen production, and the HS for methane production, with an energy yield recovery of 9.7 kJ/gvs, being the energy contribution from anaerobic digestion 8-fold higher than of dark fermentation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- AD:
-
anaerobic digestion
- B(t) :
-
cumulative methane production (mmol CH4)
- B max :
-
maximum cumulative methane production (mmol CH4)
- b(t) :
-
cumulative specific methane production (mmol CH4/gvs)
- b max :
-
maximum cumulative specific methane production (mmol CH4/gvs)
- CS:
-
corn stover
- C RS,0 :
-
initial reducing sugars concentration (g/L)
- C RS,f :
-
final reducing sugars concentration (g/L)
- DF:
-
dark fermentation
- e :
-
Euler number (2.718)
- Ê p :
-
specific gross energy potential (kJ/gvs)
- FVW:
-
fruit and vegetable wastes
- h :
-
diluted acid pretreatment stage
- H :
-
hydrogen production stage by DF
- H(t) :
-
cumulative hydrogen specific production (mL H2/gglucose)
- H max :
-
maximum cumulative specific hydrogen production (mL H2/gglucose)
- h-H-M :
-
biorefinery model
- HHV H2 :
-
high hydrogen heating value (282.8 kJ/mol)
- HHV CH4 :
-
high methane heating value (889.9 kJ/mol)
- HMF:
-
5-hydroxymethylfurfural
- HS:
-
hydrolyzed solids
- ISR:
-
inoculum to substrate ratio
- k :
-
methane production rate (1/day)
- LH:
-
liquid hydrolyzates
- M :
-
methane production stage by AD
- MW glucose :
-
glucose molar weight (180.16 g/mol)
- ND:
-
not determined
- pH0 :
-
initial pH
- r max,M :
-
maximum specific methane production rate (mmol/(gvs day))
- r max,H :
-
maximum specific hydrogen production rate (mL/(gglucose h)),
- R max,M :
-
maximum methane production rate (mmol/day)
- R 2 :
-
coefficient of determination
- RS:
-
reducing sugars
- T :
-
operational temperature
- t :
-
time
- TPC:
-
total phenolic compounds
- TS:
-
total solids
- TVFA:
-
total volatile fatty acids
- V M :
-
molar volume at standard conditions (22.4 L/mol H2 or CH4)
- V O :
-
operational volume
- VS:
-
volatile solids
- Y’ H2 :
-
hydrogen molar pseudoyield (mol H2/molglucose)
- db:
-
dry basis
- wb:
-
wet basis
- λ :
-
adaptation time (h or day)
- η AH :
-
acid hydrolysis efficiency (gglucose/gvs)
- η DF :
-
dark fermentation efficiency (gvs consumed/gvs added)
References
Abudi ZN, Hu Z, Sun N, Xiao B, Rajaa N, Liu C, Guo D (2016) Batch anaerobic co-digestion of OFMSW (organic fraction of municipal solid waste), TWAS (thickened waste activated sludge) and RS (rice straw): influence of TWAS and RS pretreatment and mixing ratio. Energy 107:131–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.03.141
Anderson GK, Yang G (1992) Determination of bicarbonate and total volatile acid concentration in anaerobic digesters using a simple titration. Water Environ Res 64:53–59. https://doi.org/10.2175/WER.64.1.8
AOAC (1992) AOAC official methods of analysis. Assoc Off Agric Chem, Washington, DC
APHA-AWWA-WEF (2005) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC
Blainski A, Lopes GC, Palazzo de Mello JC (2013) Application and analysis of the Folin Ciocalteu method for the determination of the total phenolic content from Limonium Brasiliense L. Molecules 18:6852–6865. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules18066852
Braguglia CM, Gallipoli A, Gianico A, Pagliaccia P (2018) Anaerobic bioconversion of food waste into energy: a critical review. Bioresour Technol 248:37–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.145
Cakr A, Ozmihci S, Kargi F (2010) Comparison of bio-hydrogen production from hydrolyzed wheat starch by mesophilic and thermophilic dark fermentation. Int J Hydrog Energy 35:13214–13218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.09.029
Cao G, Ren N, Wang A, Lee DJ, Guo W, Liu B, Feng Y, Zhao Q (2009) Acid hydrolysis of corn stover for biohydrogen production using Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum W16. Int J Hydrog Energy 34:7182–7188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.07.009
Chang ACC, Tu YH, Huang MH, Lay CH, Lin CY (2011) Hydrogen production by the anaerobic fermentation from acid hydrolyzed rice straw hydrolysate. Int J Hydrog Energy 36:14280–14288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.04.142
Chen S-D, Lee K-S, Lo Y-C, Chen W-M, Wu J-F, Lin C-Y, Chang J-S (2008) Batch and continuous biohydrogen production from starch hydrolysate by Clostridium species. Int J Hydrog Energy 33:1803–1812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.01.028
Chen X, Sun Y, Xiu Z, Li X, Zhang D (2006) Stoichiometric analysis of biological hydrogen production by fermentative bacteria. Int J Hydrog Energy 31:539–549. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2005.03.013
Datar R, Huang J, Maness PC, Mohagheghi A, Czernik S, Chornet E (2007) Hydrogen production from the fermentation of corn stover biomass pretreated with a steam-explosion process. Int J Hydrog Energy 32:932–939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.09.027
Del Campo I, Alegría I, Zazpe M, Echeverría M, Echeverría I (2006) Diluted acid hydrolysis pretreatment of agri-food wastes for bioethanol production. Ind Crop Prod 24:214–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2006.06.014
Díaz AI, Laca A, Laca A, Díaz M (2017) Treatment of supermarket vegetable wastes to be used as alternative substrates in bioprocesses. Waste Manag 67:59–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2017.05.018
Escamilla-Alvarado C, Poggi-Varaldo HM, Ponce-Noyola MT (2016) Bioenergy and bioproducts from municipal organic waste as alternative to landfilling: a comparative life cycle assessment with prospective application to Mexico. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24:25602–25617. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6939-z
Escamilla-Alvarado C, Poggi-Varaldo HM, Ponce-Noyola T, Ríos-Leal E, Robles-Gonzalez I, Rinderknecht-Seijas N (2015) Saccharification of fermented residues as integral part in a conceptual hydrogen-producing biorefinery. Int J Hydrog Energy 40:17200–17211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.06.164
Escamilla-Alvarado C, Ponce-Noyola MT, Poggi-Varaldo HM, Ríos-Leal E, García-Mena J, Rinderknecht-Seijas N (2014) Energy analysis of in-series biohydrogen and methane production from organic wastes. Int J Hydrog Energy 39:16587–16594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.06.077
Escamilla-Alvarado C, Ponce-Noyola T, Ríos-Leal E, Poggi-Varaldo HM (2013) A multivariable evaluation of biohydrogen production by solid substrate fermentation of organic municipal wastes in semi-continuous and batch operation. Int J Hydrog Energy 38:12527–12538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.02.124
Fan YT, Zhang YH, Zhang SF, Hou HW, Ren BZ (2006) Efficient conversion of wheat straw wastes into biohydrogen gas by cow dung compost. Bioresour Technol 97:500–505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.02.049
Farhat A, Miladi B, Hamdi M, Bouallagui H (2018) Fermentative hydrogen and methane co-production from anaerobic co-digestion of organic wastes at high loading rate coupling continuously and sequencing batch digesters. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25:27945–27958. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2796-2
Gavilán A, Escamilla-Alvarado C, Martínez MÁ, Ramírez T (2018) Chapter 8. Municipal solid waste management. In: Molina LT (ed) Progress and opportunities for reducing short-lived climate pollutants across Latin America and the Caribbean. United Nations Environment Programme and the Climate and Clean Air Coalition, pp 118–135
Ghimire A, Valentino S, Frunzo L, Trably E, Escudié R, Pirozzi F, Lens PNL, Esposito G (2015) Biohydrogen production from food waste by and residue post-treatment to anaerobic digestion : a synergy for energy recovery. Int J Hydrog Energy 40:16045–16055. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.09.117
Giuliano A, Poletto M, Barletta D (2016) Process optimization of a multi-product biorefinery: the effect of biomass seasonality. Chem Eng Res Des 107:236–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2015.12.011
Gobierno de México (2015) Documento de Posición de México en 21a Conferencia de las Partes de la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático. 1–13
Gonzales RR, Sivagurunathan P, Parthiban A, Kim SH (2016) Optimization of substrate concentration of dilute acid hydrolyzate of lignocellulosic biomass in batch hydrogen production. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 113:22–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.04.016
Hashimoto AG (1989) Effect of inoculum/substrate ratio and pretreatments on methane yield and production rate from straw. Biol Wastes 28:247–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(94)00086-9
Hernández-Flores G, Solorza-Feria O, Poggi-Varaldo HM (2017) Bioelectricity generation from wastewater and actual landfill leachates: a multivariate analysis using principal component analysis. Int J Hydrog Energy 42:20772–20782. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.01.021
Hernández C, Escamilla-Alvarado C, Sánchez A, Alarcón E, Ziarelli F, Musule R, Valdez-Vazquez I (2019) Wheat straw, corn stover, sugarcane, and Agave biomasses: chemical properties, availability, and cellulosic-bioethanol production potential in Mexico. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 13:1143–1159. https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.2017
International Energy Agency (2016) Mexico energy outlook. Int Energy Agency, Paris
Joglekar SN, Pathak PD, Mandavgane SA, Kulkarni BD (2019) Process of fruit peel waste biorefinery: a case study of citrus waste biorefinery, its environmental impacts and recommendations. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26:34713–34722. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04196-0
Kim S, Dale BE, Jin M et al (2019) Integration in a depot-based decentralized biorefinery system: corn stover-based cellulosic biofuel. GCB Bioenergy 11:871–882. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12613
Kumar S, Dheeran P, Singh SP, Mishra IM, Adhikari DK (2015) Kinetic studies of two-stage sulphuric acid hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse. Renew Energy 83:850–858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.05.033
Kumari S, Das D (2019) Biohythane production from sugarcane bagasse and water hyacinth: a way towards promising green energy production. J Clean Prod 207:689–701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.050
Li K, Liu R, Sun C (2016) A review of methane production from agricultural residues in China. Renew Sust Energ Rev 54:857–865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.103
Li Y, Park SY, Zhu J (2011) Solid-state anaerobic digestion for methane production from organic waste. Renew Sust Energ Rev 15:821–826. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.042
Liu CM, Chu CY, Lee WY, Li YC, Wu SY, Chou YP (2013) Biohydrogen production evaluation from rice straw hydrolysate by concentrated acid pre-treatment in both batch and continuous systems. Int J Hydrog Energy 38:15823–15829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.07.055
Lo HM, Kurniawan TA, Sillanpää MET, Pai TY, Chiang CF, Chao KP, Liu MH, Chuang SH, Banks CJ, Wang SC, Lin KC, Lin CY, Liu WF, Cheng PH, Chen CK, Chiu HY, Wu HY (2010) Modeling biogas production from organic fraction of MSW co-digested with MSWI ashes in anaerobic bioreactors. Bioresour Technol 101:6329–6335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.048
Luo G, Talebnia F, Karakashev D, Xie L, Zhou Q, Angelidaki I (2011) Enhanced bioenergy recovery from rapeseed plant in a biorefinery concept. Bioresour Technol 102:1433–1439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.09.071
Mahlia TMI, Ismail N, Hossain N, Silitonga AS, Shamsuddin AH (2019) Palm oil and its wastes as bioenergy sources: a comprehensive review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26:14849–14866. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04563-x
Miller GL (1959) Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal Chem 31:426–428. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60147a030
Moncada-Botero J, Aristizábal-Marulanda V, Cardona-Alzate CA (2016) Design strategies for sustainable biorefineries. Biochem Eng J 116:122–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2016.06.009
Moset V, Al-zohairi N, Moller HB (2015) The impact of inoculum source, inoculum to substrate ratio and sample preservation on methane potential from different substrates. Biomass Bioenergy 83:474–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.10.018
NMX-AA-25-1984 (1992) Norma Mexicana NMX-AA-25-1984. Protección al ambiente-Contaminación del suelo-residuos sólidos-determinación del pH-Método potenciométrico Norma Mex. 4–5
Oliwit AT, Cayetano RDA, Kumar G, Kim JS, Kim SH (2019) Comparative evaluation of biochemical methane potential of various types of Ugandan agricultural biomass following soaking aqueous ammonia pretreatment. Environ Sci Pollut Res:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07190-8
Ozmihci S, Kargi F, Cakir A (2011) Thermophilic dark fermentation of acid hydrolyzed waste ground wheat for hydrogen gas production. Int J Hydrog Energy 36:2111–2117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.11.033
Purwadi R, Niklasson C, Taherzadeh MJ (2004) Kinetic study of detoxification of dilute-acid hydrolyzates by Ca(OH) 2. J Biotechnol 114:187–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2004.07.006
Ren N, Cao G, Wang A, Lee DJ, Guo W, Zhu Y (2008) Dark fermentation of xylose and glucose mix using isolated Thermoanaerobacterium ihermosaccharolyticum W16. Int J Hydrog Energy 33:6124–6132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.07.107
Rodríguez-Valderrama S (2018) Enfoque de Biorrefienría para la Producción de Hidrógeno y Metano a partir de residuos Orgánicos. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
Rodríguez-Valderrama S, Escamilla-Alvarado C, Amezquita-Garcia HJ, Cano-Gómez JJ, Magnin JP, Rivas-García P (2019) Evaluation of feeding strategies in upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor for hydrogenogenesis at psychrophilic temperature. Int J Hydrog Energy 44:12346–12355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.09.215
Romero-Cedillo L, Poggi-Varaldo HM, Ponce-Noyola T, Ríos-Leal E, Ramos-Valdivia AC, Cerda-García Rojas CM, Tapia-Ramírez J (2016) A review of the potential of pretreated solids to improve gas biofuels production in the context of an OFMSW biorefinery. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 92:937–958
Roy S, Das D (2016) Biohythane production from organic wastes: present state of art. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:9391–9410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5469-4
SADER (2019) Expectativas de producción agropecuaria y pesquera. Mayo 2019
Saha BC, Iten LB, Cotta MA, Wu YV (2005) Dilute acid pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification and fermentation of wheat straw to ethanol. Process Biochem 40:3693–3700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2005.04.006
Sluiter A, Ruiz R, Scarlata C, Sluiter J, Templeton D (2008) Determination of extractives in biomass. NREL.
Sultana A, Kumar A (2011) Optimal configuration and combination of multiple lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks delivery to a biorefinery. Bioresour Technol 102:9947–9956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.07.119
Taboada-González P, Aguilar-Virgen Q, Ojeda-Benítez S, Armijo C (2011) Waste characterization and waste management perception in rural communities in Mexico: a case study. Environ Eng Manag J 10:1751–1759. https://doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2011.238
Tan L, Liu Z, Liu T, Wang F (2019) Efficient fractionation of corn stover by bisulfite pretreatment for the production of bioethanol and high value products. BioResources 14:6501–6515
Tapia-Rodríguez A, Ibarra-Faz E, Razo-Flores E (2019) Hydrogen and methane production potential of agave bagasse enzymatic hydrolysates and comparative technoeconomic feasibility implications. Int J Hydrog Energy 44:17792–17801. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.05.087
Varanasi JL, Kumari S, Das D (2018) Improvement of energy recovery from water hyacinth by using integrated system. Int J Hydrog Energy 43:1303–1318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.11.110
Wang J, Wan W (2009) Kinetic models for fermentative hydrogen production: a review. Int J Hydrog Energy 34:3313–3323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.02.031
Wang W, Xie L, Chen J, Luo G, Zhou Q (2011) Biohydrogen and methane production by co-digestion of cassava stillage and excess sludge under thermophilic condition. Bioresour Technol 102:3833–3839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.012
Wong YM, Wu TY, Ching-Juan J (2014) A review of sustainable hydrogen production using seed sludge via dark fermentation. Renew Sust Energ Rev 34:471–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.03.008
Xia A, Cheng J, Lin R, Lu H, Zhou J, Cen K (2013) Comparison in dark hydrogen fermentation followed by photo hydrogen fermentation and methanogenesis between protein and carbohydrate compositions in Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass. Bioresour Technol 138:204–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.171
Yan L, Zhang H, Chen J, Lin Z, Jin Q, Jia H, Huang H (2009) Dilute sulfuric acid cycle spray flow-through pretreatment of corn stover for enhancement of sugar recovery. Bioresour Technol 100:1803–1808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.10.001
Zhang K, Ren N, Wang A (2015) Fermentative hydrogen production from corn stover hydrolyzate by two typical seed sludges: effect of temperature. Int J Hydrog Energy 40:3838–3848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.01.120
Zhang W, Wei Q, Wu S, Qi D, Li W, Zuo Z, Dong R (2014) Batch anaerobic co-digestion of pig manure with dewatered sewage sludge under mesophilic conditions. Appl Energy 128:175–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.04.071
Zhu J, Wan C, Li Y (2010) Enhanced solid-state anaerobic digestion of corn stover by alkaline pretreatment. Bioresour Technol 101:7523–7528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.060
Funding
The authors express their gratitude to the Directive Board of the Chemical Sciences Faculty of the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León for supporting the project (02-106534-PST-15/123). Santiago Rodríguez-Valderrama thanks Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (Conacyt) for the Scholarship No. 714579.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Responsible editor: Ta Yeong Wu
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rodríguez-Valderrama, S., Escamilla-Alvarado, C., Rivas-García, P. et al. Biorefinery concept comprising acid hydrolysis, dark fermentation, and anaerobic digestion for co-processing of fruit and vegetable wastes and corn stover. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 28585–28596 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08580-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08580-z