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Comparison of single extraction procedures and the application of an index for the assessment of heavy metal bioavailability in river sediments

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Abstract

Metals in sediments are present in different chemical forms which affect their ability to transfer. The objective of this body of work was to compare different extraction methods for the bioavailability evaluation of some elements, such as Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn from Serbian river sediments. A bioavailability risk assessment index (BRAI) was used for the quantification of heavy metal bioavailability in the sediments. Actual and potential element availability was assessed by single extractions with mild (CaCl2 and CH3COONH4) and acidic (CH3COOH) extractants and complexing agents (EDTA). Aqua regia extraction was used for the determination of the pseudo-total element content in river sediments. In different single extraction tests, higher extraction of Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb was observed than for the other elements. The results of the single extraction tests revealed that there is a considerable chance of metal leaching from the sediments assessed in this study. When the BRAI was applied, the results showed a high risk of heavy metal bioavailability in Serbian river sediments.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Serbia, Grant Nos. 172001 and 43007. In addition, we would like to thank the Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia for the sediment samples. The authors are grateful to anonymous reviewers whose comments greatly improved the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICTM, Chemistry Center, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, P. O. Box 815, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

    Sanja Sakan & Dragana Đorđević

  2. Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, P. O. Box 51, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

    Aleksandar Popović & Sandra Škrivanj

  3. Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, P.O. Box 68, Belgrade, 11081, Serbia

    Nenad Sakan

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  1. Sanja Sakan
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  2. Aleksandar Popović
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  4. Nenad Sakan
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  5. Dragana Đorđević
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Correspondence to Sanja Sakan.

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Sakan, S., Popović, A., Škrivanj, S. et al. Comparison of single extraction procedures and the application of an index for the assessment of heavy metal bioavailability in river sediments. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 21485–21500 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7341-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7341-6

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