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Toxicity assessment of four insecticides with different modes of action on pupae and adults of Eriopis connexa (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a relevant predator of the Neotropical Region

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Abstract

Pesticides can be toxic to nontarget organisms including the natural enemies of agricultural pests, thus reducing the biodiversity of agroecosystems. The lethal and sublethal effects of four insecticides with different modes of action—pyriproxyfen, teflubenzuron, acetamiprid, and cypermethrin—were evaluated on pupae and adults of Eriopis connexa, an effective predator in horticultural crops. Pupal survival was reduced by pyriproxyfen (26 %) and cypermethrin (41 %). Malformations in adults emerged from treated pupae were observed after acetamiprid (82.7 and 100 % for 100 and 200 mg a.i./l, respectively), pyriproxyfen (48.6 %), and cypermethrin (13.3 %) treatments. A longer mean oviposition time was also observed in adults emerged from pupae treated with cypermethrin. Moreover, the latter insecticide as well as teflubenzuron did not reduce reproductive parameters, whereas females emerged from pyriproxyfen-treated pupae were not be able to lay eggs even when females showed large abdomens. Upon exposure of adults, survival was reduced to approximately 90 % by acetamiprid, but no reduction occurred with pyriproxyfen, teflubenzuron, or cypermethrin though the fecundity at fifth oviposition time of the female survivors was reduced. Pyriproxyfen decreased the hatching at all the oviposition times tested, whereas fertility was reduced in the fourth and fifth ovipositions by teflubenzuron and in the first and third ovipositions by cypermethrin. In conclusion, all four insecticides tested exhibited lethal or sublethal effects, or both, on E. connexa. The neurotoxic insecticides were more harmful than the insect-growth regulators, and pupae were more susceptible than adults. The toxicity of insecticides on the conservation of predators in agroecosystems of the Neotropical Region is discussed.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by a PICT 2010-0891- and PICT 2011-1752-BID projects from the Argentine National Agency for the Promotion of Science and Technology (ANPCyT-FONCyT) granted to Alicia Ronco and Marcela I. Schneider, respectively. The authors wish to thank the National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET) for its support, Engineer Armando Junquera (Asociación Cooperativas Argentinas) for the ACA 901 wheat seeds, and Dr. Mónica Ricci (School of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, National University of la Plata, UNLP) for the R. padi clones to initiate our aphid colonies. We are also grateful to Summit-Agro S.A. Argentina, BASF, Argentina, and Gleba, Argentina, for providing samples of insecticides. Dr. Donald F. Haggerty, a retired academic career investigator and native English speaker, edited the final version of the manuscript. We are very grateful to the two anonymous reviewers and Editor, whose contributions have helped to improve the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología: Plaguicidas y Control Biológico, Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata), Boulevard 120 s/n entre 61 y 64, 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Marilina Noelia Fogel, Marcela Inés Schneider & Lorena Sabrina Ladux

  2. Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIMA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 47 y 115, 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Marilina Noelia Fogel, Federico Rimoldi & Alicia Estela Ronco

  3. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 122 s/n, 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Marcela Inés Schneider

  4. French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), UMR-ISA, 400 Route des Chappes, 06903, Sophia-Antipolis, France

    Nicolas Desneux

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  1. Marilina Noelia Fogel
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  2. Marcela Inés Schneider
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  3. Federico Rimoldi
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  6. Alicia Estela Ronco
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Correspondence to Marcela Inés Schneider.

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Fogel, M.N., Schneider, M.I., Rimoldi, F. et al. Toxicity assessment of four insecticides with different modes of action on pupae and adults of Eriopis connexa (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a relevant predator of the Neotropical Region. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 14918–14926 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6654-9

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