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Changes and characteristics of dissolved organic matter in a constructed wetland system using fluorescence spectroscopy

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Abstract

Domestic wastewater was treated by five constructed wetland beds in series. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) collected from influent and effluent samples from the constructed wetland was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy combined with fluorescence regional integration (FRI), parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis, and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS). This study evaluates the capability of these methods in detecting the spectral characteristics of fluorescent DOM fractions and their changes in constructed wetlands. Fluorescence excitation–emission matrix (EEM) combined with FRI analysis showed that protein-like materials displayed a higher removal ratio compared to humic-like substances. The PARAFAC analysis of wastewater DOM indicated that six fluorescent components, i.e., two protein-like substances (C1 and C6), three humic-like substances (C2, C3 and C5), and one non-humic component (C4), could be identified. Tryptophan-like C1 was the dominant component in the influent DOM. The removal ratios of six fluorescent components (C1–C6) were 56.21, 32.05, 49.19, 39.90, 29.60, and 45.87 %, respectively, after the constructed wetland treatment. Furthermore, 2D-COS demonstrated that the sequencing of spectral changes for fluorescent DOM followed the order 298 nm → 403 nm → 283 nm (310–360 nm) in the constructed wetland, suggesting that the peak at 298 nm is associated with preferential tryptophan fluorescence removal. Variation of the fluorescence index (FI) and the ratio of fluorescence components indicated that the constructed wetland treatment resulted in the decrease of fluorescent organic pollutant with increasing the humification and chemical stability of the DOM.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund of the Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province (2013038–1) and the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars Fund of Sichuan Province.

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Author notes

  1. Xu-jing Guo

    Present address: College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, No.24 Block 1, Xuefu Road, Chengdu, 610225, People’s Republic of China

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, People’s Republic of China

    Yuan Yao, Tao Huang, Ping-ping Gao, Ying-pei Zhang & Feng Yuan

  2. Sichuan Academy of Environmental Sciences Sichuan, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China

    Yun-zhen Li

  3. Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, No.13 Sec 4 Renmin Road South, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China

    Xu-jing Guo

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  1. Yuan Yao
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Correspondence to Xu-jing Guo.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Yao, Y., Li, Yz., Guo, Xj. et al. Changes and characteristics of dissolved organic matter in a constructed wetland system using fluorescence spectroscopy. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 12237–12245 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6435-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6435-5

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