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Unexpected effects of sublethal doses of insecticide on the peripheral olfactory response and sexual behavior in a pest insect

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Abstract

Pesticides have long been used as the main solution to limit agricultural pests, but their widespread use resulted in chronic or diffuse environmental pollutions, development of insect resistances, and biodiversity reduction. The effects of low residual doses of these chemical products on organisms that affect both targeted species (crop pests) but also beneficial insects became a major concern, particularly because low doses of pesticides can induce unexpected positive—also called hormetic—effects on insects, leading to surges in pest population growth at greater rate than what would have been observed without pesticide application. The present study aimed to examine the effects of sublethal doses of deltamethrin, one of the most used synthetic pyrethroids, known to present a residual activity and persistence in the environment, on the peripheral olfactory system and sexual behavior of a major pest insect, the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis. We highlighted here a hormetic effect of sublethal dose of deltamethrin on the male responses to sex pheromone, without any modification of their response to host-plant odorants. We also identified several antennal actors potentially involved in this hormetic effect and in the antennal detoxification or antennal stress response of/to deltamethrin exposure.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Matthieu Dacher for his assistance in the statistical analyses, Dr. Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly for access to the S. littoralis EST database, and Dr. Didier Rochat for helpful commentaries regarding this study. Lisa Lalouette was supported by a DIM ASTREA (Région Ile de France) post-doctoral fellowship. Marie-Anne Pottier and all experiments were supported by an “EMERGENCE” grant from the University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC-Paris 6) and PHEROTOX grant from ANR BIOADAPT.

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  1. Sorbonne Université, UPMC—Paris 6, Institute of Ecology and Environnemental Sciences of Paris—Sensory Ecology Department, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, F-75005, Paris, France

    Lisa Lalouette, Marie-Anne Pottier, Marie-Anne Wycke, Constance Boitard, Françoise Bozzolan, Annick Maria, Thomas Chertemps, Martine Maibeche & David Siaussat

  2. Institute of Ecology and Environnemental Sciences of Paris—Sensory Ecology Department, INRA, Route de Saint-Cyr, F-78000, Versailles, France

    Elodie Demondion & Philippe Lucas

  3. Université de Rennes 1, UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042, Rennes, France

    David Renault

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  1. Lisa Lalouette
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Esm 1

Table S1. Structural characteristics and functional protein classification identified in the antennal proteome of S. littoralis following deltamethrin exposure. Spot number corresponds to the protein spot number. The theoretical molecular weight (MW) and isoelectric point (pI) of the identified proteins were retrieved from the protein databases of NCBInr and Swiss prot. Experimental MW and pI values were calculated with internal standard molecular mass markers. Peptide count is the number of matching peptides. Protein Score C.I.% is the confidence interval of identified proteins calculated from MS data. Total ion C.I.% indicates the confidence of the identified protein calculated from MS/MS data. In both cases, scores above 95% were significant. The protein expression ratios between samples of deltamethrin-treated and control insects were calculated by comparative analysis of all spots of interest. (PDF 204 kb)

Esm 2

Table S2. Primer nucleotide sequences used in PCR for amplification of reference genes and targeted sequences in S. littoralis. Accession number, gene name, and sequences of the forward and reverse primer were verified for each gene. Specific qPCR primers were designed using Eprimer3 software. (PDF 165 kb)

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Lalouette, L., Pottier, MA., Wycke, MA. et al. Unexpected effects of sublethal doses of insecticide on the peripheral olfactory response and sexual behavior in a pest insect. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 3073–3085 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5923-3

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