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Bacterial community composition of an urban river in the North West Province, South Africa, in relation to physico-chemical water quality

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the impacts of anthropogenic disturbances on bacterial community composition in an urban river (Mooi River). Physico-chemical analysis, bacterial enumeration and 454-pyrosequencing were conducted on the Mooi River system upstream and downstream of an urban settlement in the North West Province, South Africa. Pyrosequencing and multivariate analysis showed that nutrient inputs and faecal pollution strongly impacted the physico-chemical and microbiological quality at the downstream sites. Also, bacterial communities showed higher richness and evenness at the downstream sites. Multivariate analysis suggested that the abundances of Betaproteobacteria, Epsilonproteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia are related to temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), sulphate and chlorophyll-a levels. These results suggest that urbanisation caused the overall water quality of this river to deteriorate, which in turn affected the bacterial community composition. In addition, our work identified potential indicator groups that may be used to track faecal and organic pollution in freshwater systems.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Water Research Commission (WRC), South Africa, under project K5/1966. The authors kindly thank the cartographer, Liesl De Swardt (North-West University, Potchefstroom campus), for generating the geographical map.

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  1. Unit for Environmental Science and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa

    K. Jordaan & C. C. Bezuidenhout

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  1. K. Jordaan
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Jordaan, K., Bezuidenhout, C.C. Bacterial community composition of an urban river in the North West Province, South Africa, in relation to physico-chemical water quality. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 5868–5880 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5786-7

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