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Evaluation of the hazard potentials of river suspended particulate matter and floodplain soils in the Rhine basin using chemical analysis and in vitro bioassays

  • 12th IHPA Forum and selected studies on POPs
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Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to assess the hazard potentials of contaminated suspended particulate matter (SPM) sampled during a flood event for floodplain soils using in vitro bioassays and chemical analysis. Sediment-contact tests were performed to evaluate the direct exposure of organisms to native soils and SPM at two different trophic levels. For comparison, acetonic extracts were tested using both contact tests and additionally two cell-based biotests for cytotoxicity and Ah receptor-mediated activity (EROD-Assay). The sediment-contact tests were carried out with the dehydrogenase assay with Arthrobacter globiformis and the fish embryo assay with Danio rerio. The results of this study clearly document that native samples may well be significantly more effective than corresponding extracts in the bacteria contact assay or the fish embryo test. These results question the commonly accepted concept that acetonic extracts are likely to overestimate the toxicity of soil and SPM samples. Likewise, the priority organic compounds analyzed failed to fully explain the toxic potential of the samples. The outcomes of this study revealed the insufficient knowledge regarding the relationship between the different exposure pathways. Finally, there is concern about adverse effects by settling suspended particulate matter and remobilized sediments in frequently inundated floodplain soils due to an increase of the hazard potential, if compared with infrequently inundated floodplain soils. We showed that the settling of SPM and sediments revealed a significant impact on the dioxin-like potencies of riparian soils.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Stadtwerke Karlsruhe (Germany) during the project «Ecotoxicological assessment of the Rhine sediments and suspended particulate matter in inundated areas». Volker Garke performed the cytotoxicity and EROD bioassays within his state examination thesis (Garke 2003) and friendly provided the raw data for publication. We are grateful to Mr. Beiser (Stadtwerke Karlsruhe) for technical support during the sampling as well as to Beate Kemink, L. Dunne, H. Johannsen, Dr. Anne Seebach, und Manuela Scholz for technical support of the laboratory analyses. Dr. Emma Schymanski (Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland) gave valuable comments to a previous version of the manuscript, which is part of the dissertation thesis of TS (urn:nbn:de:kobv:188-fudissthesis000000094124-8). Supplementary material is provided for download at the Springer website.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Earth Sciences, Free University Berlin, Malteserstrasse 74-100, 12249, Berlin, Germany

    Tobias Schulze & Konstantin Terytze

  2. UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Effect Directed Analysis, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany

    Tobias Schulze

  3. Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology, COS–Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Markus Ulrich & Thomas Braunbeck

  4. ABBt–Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Department of Ecosystem Analysis, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany

    Henner Hollert

  5. School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

    Henner Hollert

  6. Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Environment of Education Ministry of China, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

    Henner Hollert

  7. College of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China

    Henner Hollert

  8. Stadtwerke Karlsruhe GmbH (SWK), Daxlander Strasse 72, 76185, Karlsruhe, Germany

    Dieter Maier & Matthias Maier

Authors
  1. Tobias Schulze
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  2. Markus Ulrich
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  3. Dieter Maier
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  4. Matthias Maier
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  5. Konstantin Terytze
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  6. Thomas Braunbeck
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  7. Henner Hollert
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Tobias Schulze or Henner Hollert.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

This article belongs also to the series “Dioxin and POP-contaminated sites” edited by Roland Weber, Mats Tysklind, and Caroline Gaus (Weber et al. 2008a, b).

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Schulze, T., Ulrich, M., Maier, D. et al. Evaluation of the hazard potentials of river suspended particulate matter and floodplain soils in the Rhine basin using chemical analysis and in vitro bioassays. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 14606–14620 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3707-9

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