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High genetic diversity of in situ and ex situ populations of Madagascan coffee species: further implications for the management of coffee genetic resources

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Abstract

The genetic diversity of endemic Madagascan Coffea species has not received any considerable attention, despite the high extinction threat facing most of the species on the island. In order to address this shortfall, we assessed and compared the genetic diversity and allelic richness of ex situ and in situ populations for four selected species, and 18 ex situ populations maintained at the Kianjavato Coffee Research Station. We also investigated the possibility of in situ and ex situ hybridization events for Madagascan coffee, both within and between species. For these purposes, we used 18 nuclear microsatellite markers, on a total of 37 Coffea populations (4 in situ and 33 ex situ) representing a total of 398 genotypes (96 in situ and 302 ex situ) for 23 species. Our study showed (1) strong differentiation between Madagascan Coffea species; (2) good differentiation between all the populations studied, including those from the same locality (even when the area of the locality was restricted); (3) good evidence for both in situ and ex situ hybridization, although in situ hybridization appeared to be limited; (4) much higher genetic diversity within in situ collections compared to ex situ collections; and (5) that, despite limitations, the Kianjavato Coffee Research Station collection is an extremely valuable resource of Madagascan coffee germplasm. Recommendations for in situ and ex situ germplasm conservation are discussed.

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Abbreviations

EOO:

Extent of occurrence

FAO:

Food and agriculture organization

FOFIFA:

Foibe fikarohana ampiharina ho fampandrosoana ny eny ambanivohitra

ICO:

International coffee organization

IUCN:

International union for conservation of nature

KCRS:

Kianjavato coffee research station

PCA:

Principal component analysis

SSRs:

Simple sequence repeats

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Acknowledgments

This work and the associated PhD fellowship were funded by Agropolis Fundation (grant no. 0902–009). This work is a part of a collaborative project with the National Center of Applied Research and Rural Development (Foibe Fikarohana ampiharina amin’ny Fampandrosoana ny eny Ambanivohitra: FOFIFA) in Madagascar, the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK, and two French research institutes (Cirad and IRD, Montpellier France) through the RubiComp network. We thank FOFIFA staff at the KCRS, Madagascar, for allowing us access to the KCRS collection, and Ueshima Coffee Corporation (UCC) Japan for supporting the continuation of KCRS until 2011.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UMR AMAP, CIRAD, Boulevard de la Lironde TA A-51/PS2, F-34398 Cedex 5, Montpellier, France

    Domohina N. Andrianasolo & Sylvie-Annabel Sabatier

  2. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, UK

    Aaron P. Davis

  3. UMR DIADE, IRD, B.P. 64501, 34394 Cedex 5, Montpellier, France

    Norosoa J. Razafinarivo, Serge Hamon & Perla Hamon

  4. FOFIFA, B.P. 1444, Ambatobe, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar

    Jean-Jacques Rakotomalala

Authors
  1. Domohina N. Andrianasolo
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  2. Aaron P. Davis
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  3. Norosoa J. Razafinarivo
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  4. Serge Hamon
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  5. Jean-Jacques Rakotomalala
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  6. Sylvie-Annabel Sabatier
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  7. Perla Hamon
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Correspondence to Domohina N. Andrianasolo or Perla Hamon.

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Communicated by E. Dirlewanger

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Andrianasolo, D.N., Davis, A.P., Razafinarivo, N.J. et al. High genetic diversity of in situ and ex situ populations of Madagascan coffee species: further implications for the management of coffee genetic resources. Tree Genetics & Genomes 9, 1295–1312 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-013-0638-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-013-0638-4

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