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Organization of the chromosome region harboring a FLORICAULA/LEAFY gene in Liriodendron

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Abstract

FLORICAULA/LEAFY (FLO/LFY) plays an important role in the reproductive transition and controls flower spatial patterning by inducing the expression of the ABC floral organ identity genes. In this study, we sequenced two bacterial artificial chromosomes harboring a FLO/LFY and three other genes from yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) and compared the gene order in this locus between several species. Besides the conserved terminal domains, key residues involved in interactions with DNA bases, backbone, and in dimerization were also conserved in the yellow-poplar FLO/LFY. Phylogenetic analysis of the FLO/LFY amino acid sequences placed yellow-poplar closer to eudicots than to monocotyledonous species. We found that gene content and order in this region of the yellow-poplar genome was more similar to corresponding regions in Vitis vinifera L., Carica papaya L., Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray, and Ricinus communis L., regardless of the evolutionary relationship. In addition, evidence for transposition, large insertions, and duplications were found, suggesting multiple and complex mechanisms of basal angiosperm genome evolution.

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Acknowledgments

The authors were grateful to James H. Leebens-Mack and Claude W. dePamphilis for providing the LtuLFY cDNA sequence and its 454 sequencing reads. This study was supported by the Schatz Center for Tree Molecular Genetics at The Pennsylvania State University, the University of Tennessee Tree Improvement Program, and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, USDA (under project number SC-1700324, technical contribution no. 5756 of the Clemson University Experiment Station).

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  1. Haiying Liang

    Present address: Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, 100 Jordan Hall, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Forest Resources and Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA

    Haiying Liang, Abdelali Barakat & John E. Carlson

  2. Department of Forestry, Wildlife & Fisheries, Institute of Agriculture, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996-4563, USA

    Scott E. Schlarbaum

  3. The Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology (WCU), Chonnam National University, 333 Yongbongro, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 500-757, South Korea

    John E. Carlson

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  1. Haiying Liang
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Correspondence to Haiying Liang.

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Communicated by J. Dean

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Liang, H., Barakat, A., Schlarbaum, S.E. et al. Organization of the chromosome region harboring a FLORICAULA/LEAFY gene in Liriodendron . Tree Genetics & Genomes 7, 373–384 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-010-0338-2

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