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Pyocyanin: production, applications, challenges and new insights

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Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic, Gram-negative bacterium and is one of the most commercially and biotechnologically valuable microorganisms. Strains of P. aeruginosa secrete a variety of redox-active phenazine compounds, the most well studied being pyocyanin. Pyocyanin is responsible for the blue-green colour characteristic of Pseudomonas spp. It is considered both as a virulence factor and a quorum sensing signalling molecule for P. aeruginosa. Pyocyanin is an electrochemically active metabolite, involved in a variety of significant biological activities including gene expression, maintaining fitness of bacterial cells and biofilm formation. It is also recognised as an electron shuttle for bacterial respiration and as an antibacterial and antifungal agent. This review summarises recent advances of pyocyanin production from P. aeruginosa with special attention to antagonistic property and bio-control activity. The review also covers the challenges and new insights into pyocyanin from P. aeruginosa.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to all the researchers whose papers have been used for this review. Greatest gratitude goes to Luigi Lucini, Ph.D., Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Chemistry.

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  1. Dr. Sir A. L. Mudaliar Vocational Arts and Science College, Vengal, 601103, Tamil Nadu, India

    Sheeba Jayaseelan & Selvakumar Dharmaraj

  2. Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Presidency College, Chennai, 600005, Tamil Nadu, India

    Sheeba Jayaseelan & Damotharan Ramaswamy

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  1. Sheeba Jayaseelan
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Jayaseelan, S., Ramaswamy, D. & Dharmaraj, S. Pyocyanin: production, applications, challenges and new insights. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 30, 1159–1168 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-013-1552-5

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