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Laboratory production and characterization of a new biosurfactant from Candida glabrata UCP1002 cultivated in vegetable fat waste applied to the removal of hydrophobic contaminant

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Abstract

Biosurfactant production by Candida glabrata was studied using vegetable fat waste as substrate. A factorial design was initially carried out to investigate the effects and interactions of waste, yeast extract and glucose on the surface tension after 144 h cultivation. Maximum surface tension reduction was achieved with vegetable fat waste at 5% and yeast extract at 0.2%. The biosurfactant containing cell-free broth retained its surface-active properties after incubation at high temperatures, at a wide range of pH values and salt concentrations. Comparison between three solvent systems for surfactant recovery showed that ethyl acetate extracted both crude extracellular and intracellular biosurfactant with high product recovery. The isolated extracellular biosurfactant showed a CMC of 1% and the surface tension at that point was 24 mN m−1. Preliminary chemical composition revealed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. The application of the crude biosurfactant to a soil–water-hydrophobic contaminant system was investigated and the apparent critical micelle concentration was determined at 7% of the broth, although the best oil removal (92.6%) had been obtained with 10% of the cell-free broth. The cost of application of the biosurfactant in soils was estimated based on the cost of a commercial biosurfactant.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financed by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Foundation for the Support of Science and Technology of the State of Pernambuco (FACEPE) and Catholic University of Pernambuco (UNICAP), Brazil.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Catholic University of Pernambuco, Rua do Príncipe, n. 526, Boa Vista, CEP 50050-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

    Carolina A. B. de Gusmão

  2. Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

    Raquel D. Rufino

  3. Center of Science and Technology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Rua do Príncipe, n. 526, Boa Vista, CEP 50050-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

    Leonie A. Sarubbo

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  1. Carolina A. B. de Gusmão
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  2. Raquel D. Rufino
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  3. Leonie A. Sarubbo
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Correspondence to Leonie A. Sarubbo.

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de Gusmão, C.A.B., Rufino, R.D. & Sarubbo, L.A. Laboratory production and characterization of a new biosurfactant from Candida glabrata UCP1002 cultivated in vegetable fat waste applied to the removal of hydrophobic contaminant. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 26, 1683–1692 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-010-0346-2

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