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Phytostabilization and Physicochemical Responses of Korean Ecotype Solanum nigrum L. to Cadmium Contamination

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Abstract

Plants of the black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.) Korean ecotype were exposed to a gradient of cadmium (Cd) concentrations (0, 10, 30, 50, and 80 mg kg−1 of dry sand). The results showed a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in biomass, root-shoot length, and chlorophyll contents in the plants exposed to Cd compared to the control. Cd concentrations significantly increased in different parts of the plants as indicated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. The amount of Cd accumulated by the plants in the leaves, stems, and roots was 307, 1536, and 3163 mg kg−1 of dry matter, respectively, when treated with Cd 80 mg kg−1. The translocation factor (TF) declined with higher Cd concentrations, whereas the bioconcentration factor (BCF) increased with elevated Cd levels. The response to oxidative stress induced by Cd was modulated by the enzymatic activity of peroxidase and polyphenol peroxidase. In terms of non-enzymatic antioxidant biochemicals such as reduced glutathione and polyphenols, its contents in the leaves significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. The overall increased antioxidant defense response in leaves might have contributed to the higher accumulation and tolerance of plants against Cd-induced oxidative stress. The Korean ecotype of S. nigrum has potential phytoremediation utility for phytostabilization of Cd-contaminated marginal land. However, further genomic insights could contribute to the identification of potential Cd translocation genes.

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Acknowledgments

This research is sponsored by the Korea Ministry of Environment as the Eco-Innovation project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea

    Abdur Rahim Khan, Ihsan Ullah, Sung-Jun Hong, Muhammad Waqas, Gun-Seok Park, Yunyoung Kwak, JungBae Choi, Byung-Kwon Jung, Man Park, In-Jung Lee & Jae-Ho Shin

  2. Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Nizwa, 616, Nizwa, Oman

    Abdul Latif Khan

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  1. Abdur Rahim Khan
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Correspondence to Jae-Ho Shin.

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Khan, A.R., Ullah, I., Khan, A.L. et al. Phytostabilization and Physicochemical Responses of Korean Ecotype Solanum nigrum L. to Cadmium Contamination. Water Air Soil Pollut 225, 2147 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-014-2147-y

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