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Use of Gisenyi Volcanic Rock for Adsorptive Removal of Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) from Wastewater

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Abstract

Volcanic rock is a potential adsorbent for metallic ions from wastewater. This study determined the capacity of Gisenyi volcanic rock found in Northern Rwanda to adsorb Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn using laboratory scale batch experiments under a variety of experimental conditions (initial metal concentration varied from 1 to 50 mg/L, adsorbent dosage 4 g/L, solid/liquid ratio of 1:250, contact time 120 h, particle size 250–900 μm). The adsorbent had a surface area of 3 m2/g. The adsorption process was optimal at near-neutral pH 6. The maximal adsorption capacity was 6.23, 10.87, 9.52 and 4.46 mg/g for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn, respectively. The adsorption process proceeded via a fast initial metal uptake during the first 6 h, followed by slow uptake and equilibrium after 24 h. Data fitted well the pseudo second-order kinetic model. Equilibrium experiments showed that the adsorbent has a high affinity for Cu and Pb followed by Cd and Zn. Furthermore, the rock is a stable sorbent that can be reused in multiple sorption–desorption–regeneration cycles. Therefore, the Gisenyi volcanic rock was found to be a promising adsorbent for heavy metal removal from industrial wastewater contaminated with heavy metals.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Dutch Government and the National University of Rwanda for the financial support provided for this research through the NPT/RW/051 Project.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, National University of Rwanda, P.O. Box 117, Butare, Rwanda

    Christian B. Sekomo

  2. Department of Environmental Resources, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601DA, Delft, The Netherlands

    Christian B. Sekomo, Diederik P. L. Rousseau & Piet N. L. Lens

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  1. Christian B. Sekomo
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Correspondence to Diederik P. L. Rousseau.

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Sekomo, C.B., Rousseau, D.P.L. & Lens, P.N.L. Use of Gisenyi Volcanic Rock for Adsorptive Removal of Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) from Wastewater. Water Air Soil Pollut 223, 533–547 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-011-0880-z

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