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Comparison of two H1N2 swine influenza A viruses from disease outbreaks in pigs in Sweden during 2009 and 2010

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Abstract

The influenza A virus subtypes H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2 are prevalent in pig populations worldwide. In the present study, two relatively uncommon swine influenza virus (SIV) H1N2 subtypes, isolated in Sweden in 2009 and 2010, were compared regarding their molecular composition and biological characteristics. The differences regarding markers purportedly related to pathogenicity, host adaptation or replication efficiency. They included a truncated PB1-F2 protein in the earlier isolate but a full length version in the more recent one; differences in the number of haemagglutinin glycosylation sites, including a characteristic human one; and a nuclear export protein with altered export signal. Of particular interest, the NS1 amino acid sequence of swine H1N2-2009 and 2010 has a ‘unique or very unusual’ PDZ binding domain (RPKV) at the C-terminal of the protein, a motif that has been implicated as a virulence marker. Concerning biological properties, these viruses reached lower titre and showed reduced cytopathogenicity in MDCK cells compared with an avian-like H1N1 isolate A/swine/Lidkoping/1193/2002 belonging to the same lineage as the 2009 and 2010 isolates. The findings should contribute to better understanding of factors related to the survival/extinction of this uncommon reassortant variant.

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Acknowledgments

Thanks are due to Dr. Thomas Segall from the National Veterinary Institute (Uppsala, Sweden) for his expert advice on the outbreak investigations. The oseltamivir resistant and oseltamivir susceptible H1N1 strains were kindly provided by Prof. Björn Olsen at the Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Infectious Diseases. Lisa Lindqvist, Section of Immunobiology, is thanked for donation of the FPK cells and Dr. Mikhayil Hakhverdyan for the critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden, the Swedish Emergency Management Agency, the EPIZONE (Network of Excellence for Epizootic Disease Diagnosis and Control, FP6-2004-Food-3-A), the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas 221-2006-2169; 221-2007-935), the FLUTEST EU project (Contract No: 044429) and by the Award of Excellence (Excellensbidrag) made to SB by the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Virology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7036, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden

    Giorgi Metreveli, Eva Emmoth, Siamak Zohari, Sándor Belák & Mikael Berg

  2. National Veterinary Institute (SVA), Uppsala, Sweden

    Eva Emmoth, Siamak Zohari, Frederik Widén, Per Wallgren, Sándor Belák, Neil LeBlanc & István Kiss

  3. Department of Virology, Central Agricultural Office, Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, Tábornok u. 2, Budapest, 1149, Hungary

    Ádám Bálint

  4. Section of Bacteriology and Food Safety, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden

    Shaman Muradrasoli

  5. Department of Microbiology, Central Agricultural Office, Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, Bornemissza u. 3–7, Debrecen, 4031, Hungary

    István Kiss

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  1. Giorgi Metreveli
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Correspondence to Giorgi Metreveli.

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Metreveli, G., Emmoth, E., Zohari, S. et al. Comparison of two H1N2 swine influenza A viruses from disease outbreaks in pigs in Sweden during 2009 and 2010. Virus Genes 42, 236–244 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-011-0571-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-011-0571-2

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