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Comparative genomic sequence analysis of novel Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) isolated from Kenya and three other previously sequenced Helicoverpa spp. NPVs

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Abstract

A newly cloned Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) from Kenya, HearNPV-NNg1, has a higher insecticidal activity than HearNPV-G4, which also exhibits lower insecticidal activity than HearNPV-C1. In the search for genes and/or nucleotide sequences that might be involved in the observed virulence differences among Helicoverpa spp. NPVs, the entire genome of NNg1 was sequenced and compared with previously sequenced genomes of G4, C1 and Helicoverpa zea single-nucleocapsid NPV (Hz). The NNg1 genome was 132,425 bp in length, with a total of 143 putative open reading frames (ORFs), and shared high levels of overall amino acid and nucleotide sequence identities with G4, C1 and Hz. Three NNg1 ORFs, ORF5, ORF100 and ORF124, which were shared with C1, were absent in G4 and Hz, while NNg1 and C1 were missing a homologue of G4/Hz ORF5. Another three ORFs, ORF60 (bro-b), ORF119 and ORF120, and one direct repeat sequence (dr) were unique to NNg1. Relative to the overall nucleotide sequence identity, lower sequence identities were observed between NNg1 hrs and the homologous hrs in the other three Helicoverpa spp. NPVs, despite containing the same number of hrs located at essentially the same positions on the genomes. Differences were also observed between NNg1 and each of the other three Helicoverpa spp. NPVs in the diversity of bro genes encoded on the genomes. These results indicate several putative genes and nucleotide sequences that may be responsible for the virulence differences observed among Helicoverpa spp., yet the specific genes and/or nucleotide sequences responsible have not been identified.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr. T. Yaginuma and Dr. T. Niimi of the Laboratory of Sericulture and Entomoresources, Nagoya University, Japan, for their helpful discussion during this study. J.G.O. was a recipient of a scholarship from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan. B.L.C. was supported by the Postdoctoral Fellowship for Foreign Researchers from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). This work was supported by the JSPS-NRCT Joint Research Program between Japan and Thailand and, in part, by Grants-in-Aid (19208006, 20380034) from the JSPS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Biodynamics, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan

    Javier Gordon Ogembo, Barbara L. Caoili & Michihiro Kobayashi

  2. Crop Protection Cluster, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, 4031, Philippines

    Barbara L. Caoili

  3. Shimadzu Corporation, Nakagyou, Kyoto, 604-8511, Japan

    Masamitsu Shikata

  4. Central Laboratory and Greenhouse Complex, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand

    Sudawan Chaeychomsri

  5. Laboratory of Sericulture and Entomoresources, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan

    Motoko Ikeda

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  1. Javier Gordon Ogembo
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  5. Michihiro Kobayashi
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Correspondence to Motoko Ikeda.

Additional information

Javier Gordon Ogembo and Barbara L. Caoili contributed equally.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is AP010907.

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11262_2009_389_MOESM1_ESM.pdf

Supplementary Fig. S1. Alignment of the repeat sequences of HearNPV-NNg1 hrs according to types A, B, C, D and E. The alignment was performed using Clustal W. Dashes were introduced to optimise alignment. ‘c’ indicates complement to facilitate comparison with other hr sequences. ‘con’ indicates the consensus sequence. An imperfect palindrome sequence in the type A repeat sequence is indicated in red. (PDF 223 kb)

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Ogembo, J.G., Caoili, B.L., Shikata, M. et al. Comparative genomic sequence analysis of novel Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) isolated from Kenya and three other previously sequenced Helicoverpa spp. NPVs. Virus Genes 39, 261–272 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-009-0389-3

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