Abstract
Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) infection occurs seasonally in many tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia (including the Middle East), and Australia while it is exotic in Europe. In this study, the epidemiology of BEFV infection in Turkey that bridges southeastern Europe and Asia, geographically, was investigated according to the comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the virus caused the last epidemic in 2020 with those of the strains previously detected in Turkey as well as BEFV strains from other countries. In the phylogenetic analysis, based on an alignment of full-length G gene sequences, BEFVs from epidemic-2020 were located in Middle Eastern lineage and appear to represent most closely related BEFVs from India-2018 and 2019. The findings will contribute to a better understanding of BEFV epidemiology in Turkey.
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to Dr. Peter Walker (peter.walker@uq.edu.au) and Dr. Kim Blasdell (Kim.Blasdell@csiro.au) who kindly shared the primer sequences with us. Also, we thank Dollvet Veterinary Vaccine, Medicine and Biologicals Production and Trade Company, Sanliurfa-Turkey, for providing the field samples.
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FA was responsible for the supervision of the study. IKH together with SDY performed the molecular biology and bioinformatic analyses (alignments, phylogeny). NU and YV provided the clinical samples and gathered information. IKH and SDY drafted the manuscript. FA reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Symptomatic cattle were examined for clinical evaluation, and samples were collected by the field veterinarians. All sampling procedures performed on live animals comply with good clinical practice and animal welfare. No ethical approval was required for this study.
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Fig. S1.
Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on the partial nucleotide sequences of the G gene. The strains investigated in this study are indicated by black dots. (JPG 852 kb)
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Karayel-Hacioglu, I., Duran Yelken, S., Vezir, Y. et al. Isolation and genetic characterization of bovine ephemeral fever virus from epidemic-2020 in Turkey. Trop Anim Health Prod 53, 276 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02715-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02715-1