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Evaluation of Silica-Supported Metal and Metal Phosphide Nanoparticle Catalysts for the Hydrodeoxygenation of Guaiacol Under Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Conditions

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Abstract

A series of metal and metal phosphide catalysts were investigated for the hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol under ex situ catalytic fast pyrolysis conditions (350 °C, 0.5 MPa, 12 H2:1 guaiacol, weight hourly space velocity 5 h−1). Ligand-capped Ni, Pt, Rh, Ni2P, and Rh2P nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared using solution-phase synthesis techniques and dispersed on a silica support. For the metal phosphide NP-catalysts, a synthetic route that relies on the decomposition of a single molecular precursor was employed. The reactivity of the NP-catalysts was compared to a series of reference materials including Ni/SiO2 and Pt/SiO2 prepared using incipient wetness (IW) impregnation and a commercial (com) Pt/SiO2 catalyst. The NP-Ni/SiO2 catalyst exhibited the largest reduction in the oxygen mol% of the organic phase and outperformed the IW-Ni/SiO2 material. Although it was less active for guaiacol conversion than NP-Ni/SiO2, NP-Rh2P/SiO2 demonstrated the largest production of completely deoxygenated products and the highest selectivity to anisole, benzene, and cyclohexane, suggesting that it is a promising catalyst for deoxygenation of aryl-OH bonds. The com-Pt/SiO2 and IW-Pt/SiO2 catalyst exhibited the highest normalized rate of guaiacol conversion per m2 and per gram of active phase, respectively, but did not produce any completely deoxygenated products.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technology Office under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. The authors wish to express thanks to Jesse Hensley for the valuable discussions, Jon Luecke for assistance with gas chromatography, Jason Thibodeaux for technical assistance in the laboratory, and Seth Noone for assistance with reactor operation and maintenance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO, USA

    Michael B. Griffin, Susan E. Habas & Joshua A. Schaidle

  2. Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO, USA

    Frederick G. Baddour & Daniel A. Ruddy

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  1. Michael B. Griffin
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  2. Frederick G. Baddour
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  3. Susan E. Habas
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  4. Daniel A. Ruddy
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  5. Joshua A. Schaidle
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Correspondence to Joshua A. Schaidle.

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Griffin, M.B., Baddour, F.G., Habas, S.E. et al. Evaluation of Silica-Supported Metal and Metal Phosphide Nanoparticle Catalysts for the Hydrodeoxygenation of Guaiacol Under Ex Situ Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Conditions. Top Catal 59, 124–137 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-015-0512-8

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