Abstract
During the in vitro multiplication phase, the employment of cytokinins may be necessary to induce side shoots of many plant species. However, the mechanism by which cytokinins influence the physiology of plants in vitro is not well understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the influence of two cytokinins in function of concentration on the o photosynthetic apparatus performance and the stomatal functionality of Aechmea blanchetiana during in vitro multiplication. Plants previously established in vitro were transferred to MS culture media supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin—KIN) at concentration of 0, 5, 10, 15 or 20 µM. After 60 days of exposure to the plant growth regulators, the multiplication rate, photosynthetic apparatus performance and stomatal functionality were assessed. The use of KIN did not induce the formation of microshoots. On the other hand, the shoot number increased with rising BAP concentration. There was a reduction of the maximum fluorescence (Fm) and maximum quantum yield (φP0) as a function of concentration of cytokinins. The most pronounced decrease was observed in the microshoots grown with KIN. The increase in concentration of cytokinins induced greater absorption flux (ABS/RC), trapping flux (TR0/RC) and dissipation flux (DI0/RC) of energy per reaction center. The stomatal functionality declined with rising cytokinin concentration. The use of KIN is not recommended for in vitro multiplication of this species. The use of BAP at low concentrations assures a multiplication rate with lower degree of disorders in the photosynthetic apparatus of the formed microshoots.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge the scholarship awarded by the CNPq (Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) and the FAPES (Espírito Santo State Research Foundation). The authors are also grateful to André Felipe Costa Souza for his technical assistance.
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JPRM, LCAR and, ERS conducted experiments. JPRM, WSR and, LCAR wrote the manuscript and carried out the statistical analysis. ARF and ABPLG provided the structure and conditions to develop the experiments and they contributed to the discussion of results. All the authors read and approved the final version of the paper.
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Communicated by Sergio J. Ochatt.
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Rosa, W.S., Martins, J.P.R., Rodrigues, E.S. et al. Photosynthetic apparatus performance in function of the cytokinins used during the in vitro multiplication of Aechmea blanchetiana (Bromeliaceae). Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 133, 339–350 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-018-1385-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-018-1385-x