Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of colchicine-induced polyploidy on morphological characteristics and essential oil composition of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi L.)

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Polyploidy is an amazing evolutionary event that can be used in plant breeding to improve plant material. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of in vitro-induced polyploidy on different properties of Ajowan medicinal plant. Five different concentrations of colchicine, including 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5% (w/v), were applied to germinating seeds of ajowan in six different durations of exposure, including 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h. Chromosome counting showed successful duplication of chromosome number in tetraploid plants (2n = 4x = 36) in contrast with intact diploid plants (2n = 2x = 18). DNA content duplication in induced tetraploid plants was proved through flow cytometry analysis. The highest tetraploidy induction was achieved by applying 0.05% (w/v) colchicine for 24 h with 11.53% efficiency. The tetraploid plants achieved were larger than their diploid intact plants for plant height, leaf length, stem diameter, inflorescence length, peduncle length, and seed length characteristics. The length and width of stomata were increased in induced tetraploid plants, whereas stomata density was decreased, in contrast with initial diploid plants. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis showed significant increases in thymol content in essential oil of tetraploid plants (69.2%) in contrast with those of diploid plants (49.67%).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

FCM:

Flow cytometry

GC/MS:

Gas chromatography mass spectrometry

LSD:

Least significant difference

MS:

Murashige and Skoog medium

References

  • Abdoli M, Moieni A, Badi HN (2013) Morphological, physiological, cytological and phytochemical studies in diploid and colchicine-induced tetraploid plants of Echinacea purpurea (L.). Acta Physiol Plant 35(7):2075–2083

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aina O, Quesenberry K, Gallo M (2012) In vitro induction of tetraploids in Arachis paraguariensis. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult (PCTOC) 111(2):231–238

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashraf M, Orooj A (2006) Salt stress effects on growth, ion accumulation and seed oil concentration in an arid zone traditional medicinal plant ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi [L.] Sprague). J Arid Environ 64(2):209–220

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bagheri M, Mansouri H (2015) Effect of induced polyploidy on some biochemical parameters in Cannabis sativa L. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 175(5):2366–2375

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cary NC (2004) SAS Institute. The SAS system for windows. Release 9.1. SAS Inst, North Carolina.

  • Chattopadhyay D, Sharma AK (1988) A new technique for orcein banding with acid treatment. Stain Technol 63(5):283–287

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dalkani M, Hassani A, Darvishzadeh R (2012) Determination of the genetic variation in Ajowan (Carum Copticum L.) populations using multivariate statistical techniques. Rev Ciênc Agron 43(4):698–705

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Das AB, Mallick R (1993) Nuclear DNA and chromosome changes within the tribe Ammineae. Cytobios 74(298–99):197–207

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dhawan OP, Lavania UC (1996) Enhancing the productivity of secondary metabolites via induced polyploidy: a review. Euphytica 87(2):81–89

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dhooghe E, Van Laere K, Eeckhaut T, Leus L, Van Huylenbroeck J (2011) Mitotic chromosome doubling of plant tissues in vitro. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult (PCTOC) 104(3):359–373

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doležel J, Bartoš JAN (2005) Plant DNA flow cytometry and estimation of nuclear genome size. Ann Bot 95(1):99–110

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Galbraith DW, Harkins KR, Maddox JM, Ayres NM, Sharma DP, Firoozabady E (1983) Rapid flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle in intact plant tissues. Science 220(4601):1049–1051

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gantait S, Mandal N, Bhattacharyya S, Das PK (2011) Induction and identification of tetraploids using in vitro colchicine treatment of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus cv. Sciella. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult (PCTOC) 106(3):485

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gomes SSL, Saldanha CW, Neves CS, Trevizani M, Raposo NRB, Notini MM, de Oliveira Santos M, Campos JMS, Otoni WC, Viccini LF (2014) Karyotype, genome size, and in vitro chromosome doubling of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Cult (PCTOC) 118(1):45–56

    Google Scholar 

  • Hannweg K, Visser G, de Jager K, Bertling I (2016) In vitro-induced polyploidy and its effect on horticultural characteristics, essential oil composition and bioactivity of Tetradenia riparia. S Afr J Bot 106:186–191

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Joshi SG (2000) Medicinal Plants. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, p. 491

    Google Scholar 

  • Khullar SP, Sharma SS, Verma SC (1988) SOCGI plant chromosome number reports. VI. J Cytol Genet 23:38–52

    Google Scholar 

  • Lavania UC (2005) Genomic and ploidy manipulation for enhanced production of phyto-pharmaceuticals. Plant Genet Resour Charact Util 3(02):170–177

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levy M (1976) Altered glycoflavone expression in induced autotetraploids of Phlox drummondii. Biochem Syst Ecol 4(4):249–254

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Majdi M, Karimzadeh G, Malboobi MA, Omidbaigi R, Mirzaghaderi G (2010) Induction of tetraploidy to feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium Schulz-Bip.): Morphological, physiological, cytological, and phytochemical changes. HortScience 45(1):16–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Malhotra SK, Vijay OP (2004) Ajowan. In: Peter KV (ed) Handbook of Herbs and Spices, vol 2. Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge, pp 107–116

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Mirahmadi SF, Sefidkon F, Aalifar M, Akramian M (2011) Essential oil composition of Tanacetum polycephalum subsp. duderanum (Boiss) Podl., A Plant endemic from Iran. J Essent Oil Bear Plants 14(6):742–745

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moosavi SG, Seghatoleslami MJ, Jouyban Z, Ansarinia E, Moosavi SA (2015) Response Morphological Traits and yield of Ajowan (Carum copticum) to Water deficit stress and Nitrogen Fertilizer. In Biological Forum (Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 293). Research Trend.

  • Niazian M, Noori SAS, Galuszka P, Tohidfar M, Mortazavian SMM (2017) Genetic stability of regenerated plants via indirect somatic embryogenesis and indirect shoot regeneration of Carum copticum L. Ind Crops Prod 97:330–337

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Planchais S, Glab N, Inze´ D, Bergonioux C (2000) Chemical inhibitors: a tool for plant cell cycle studies. FEBS Lett 476:78–83. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01675-6

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sattler MC, Carvalho CR, Clarindo WR (2016) The polyploidy and its key role in plant breeding. Planta 243(2):281–296

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tavan M, Mirjalili MH and Karimzadeh G (2015) In vitro polyploidy induction: changes in morphological, anatomical and phytochemical characteristics of Thymus persicus (Lamiaceae). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult (PCTOC), 122(3):573–583

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Urwin NA (2014) Generation and characterisation of colchicine-induced polyploid Lavandula × intermedia. Euphytica 197(3):331–339

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xu C, Huang Z, Liao T, Li Y and Kang X (2016) In vitro tetraploid plants regeneration from leaf explants of multiple genotypes in Populus. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult (PCTOC), 125(1):1–9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Dr M.H Asare, the secretary of science and technological development staff of medicinal plants and traditional medicine of Islamic Republic of Iran for his kindness helps in financial support of this research. Also the authors are thankful to the Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands of Iran for procuring the seeds.

Author contributions

MNI and SASN wrote the manuscript. KS and MNO performed tetraploidy experiments. GK helped to improve the manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, -Tehran-Pakdasht, Iran

    Seyed Ahmad Sadat Noori, Khadijeh Shirkool & Mohsen Niazian

  2. Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, -Tehran-Pakdasht, Iran

    Maryam Norouzi

  3. Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran

    Ghasem Karimzadeh

Authors
  1. Seyed Ahmad Sadat Noori
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Maryam Norouzi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ghasem Karimzadeh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Khadijeh Shirkool
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Mohsen Niazian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohsen Niazian.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Ethical standards

The experiments were performed according to the current laws of Islamic Republic of Iran.

Additional information

Communicated by Maria Antonietta Germanà.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sadat Noori, S.A., Norouzi, M., Karimzadeh, G. et al. Effect of colchicine-induced polyploidy on morphological characteristics and essential oil composition of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi L.). Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 130, 543–551 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-017-1245-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-017-1245-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation