Abstract
Drug yielding potential of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is due to the presence of important phytoconstituents such as curcumin, oleoresin and essential oil. Slow multiplication rate, high susceptibility to rhizome rot and leaf spot disease and restricted availability of elite genotype necessitated application of tissue culture technique to alleviate the problems. A protocol has been developed for in vitro micropropagation of an elite genotype (cv. suroma) using latent axillary bud explants from unsprouted rhizome, available throughout the year. MS media containing 3 mg/l 6-Benzyladenine (BA) and 1 mg/l Indole Acetic acid (IAA) was found optimum for regeneration, multiplication and in vitro conservation of plantlets. After 3 years of in vitro conservation regenerants were transplanted to field and assessed for drug yielding potential through evaluation of curcumin, oleoresin and essential oil contents of rhizomes and leaves. One year of field grown tissue culture derived turmeric were found uniform in all the characteristics examined, when compared with those grown conventionally. Micropropagated turmeric showing stable drug yielding potential also proved to have genetic basis of stability as revealed by RAPD based molecular profiling.
Abbreviations
- BA:
-
6-Benzyladenine
- IAA:
-
Indole Acetic acid
- NAA:
-
Napthalene Acetic acid
- Kin:
-
Kinetin
- Ads:
-
Adenine Sulphate
- RAPD:
-
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA
- MS:
-
Murashige and Skoog
- CD:
-
Critical differences
References
De Laia ML, Gomes EA, Esbrisse EJ, DeAranjo EF (2000) Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of genotype identities in Eucalyptus clones. Silvae Genetet 239–243
Doyle JJ, Doyle JL (1987) A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochem Bull 19:11–15
Guenther E (1948) The essential oils. D. Van Nostrand Co. Priceton 1:316–318
Hatano K, Kamura K, Shoyama Y, Nishioka I (1988) Clonal propagation of Aconitum carmichaeli by tip tissue culture and alkaloid contents of clonally propagated plants. Planta Med 54:152–154
Jain S, Shrivastava S, Nayak S, Sumbhate S (2007) Recent trends in Curcuma longa L. Pharmacognosy Reviews 1(1):119–128
Kuanar A, Mohanty S, Panda MK, Nayak S (2009) Essential oils from leaves of micropropagated turmeric. Current Science 96:1166–1167
Kwak JH, Park S, Yoon MK (2009) Application of RAPD and SI-typing technique to confirm genetic integrity of radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Scientia Horticulture 119:352–356
Larkins P, Scowcroft WR (1981) Somaclonal variation, a novel source of variability from cell cultures for plant improvement. Theor Appl Genet 60:197–214
Leela NK, Tava A, Shafi PM, Chempakam B (2002) Chemical composition of essential oils of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Acta Pharml 52:137–141
Ma Xiaoqiang R, David Gang (2006) Metabolic profiling of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) plants derived from in vitro micropropagation and conventional greenhouse cultivation. J Agric Food Chem 67:2239–2255
Martins M, Sarmento D, Oliveira MM (2004) Genetic stability of micropropagated almond plantlets, as assessed by RAPD and ISSR markers. Plant Cell Rep 23:492–496
Mohanty S, Panda MK, Subudhi E, Acharya L, Nayak S (2008) Genetic stability of micropropagated ginger derived from axillary bud through cytophotometric and RAPD analysis. Z Naturforsch 63c:747–754
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol Plant 15:473–479
Murashige T, Skoog NS (1990) Plant propagation by tissue culture. A practice with unrealized potential. In: Anmirato PV, Even DR, Sharp WR, Bajaj YPS (eds) Handbook of plant cell cult. Mc Graw-Hill, New York, pp 3–9
Nayak S, Debta BK, Sahoo S (1996) Rapid propagation of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus (Nees) Wats) through somatic embryogenesis in vitro plants. Plant Cell Report 15:367–370
Nayak S, Debata BK, Srivastava VK, Sangwan NS (2003) Evaluation of agronomically useful somaclonal variants in Jamrosa (a hybrid Cymbopogon) and detection of genetic changes through RAPD. Plant Sci 164:1029–1035
Official Analytical Methods of the American Spice Trade Association, Method No. 18.0 (1997a) 4th edition. ASHA Press
Official Analytical Methods of the American Spice Trade Association, Method No. 18.0 (1997b) 4th edition. ASHA Press
Panda MK, Mohanty S, Subudhi E, Acharya L, Nayak S (2007) Assessment of genetic stability of micropropagated plants of Curcuma longa L. by cytophotometry and RAPD analysis. Int J Inter Biol 1(3):189–195
Salvi ND, George L, Eapen S (2002) Micropropagation and field evaluation of micropropagated plants of turmeric. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 68:143–151
Shenoy VB, Vasil IK (1992) Biochemical and molecular analysis of plants derived from embryogenic tissue cultures of napiergrass (Penisetum purpureum K. Schum.). Theor Appl Genet 83:947–955
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to Prof (Dr.) S.C. Si, Dean, Centre of Biotechnology and Prof (Dr.) M.R. Nayak, President, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University for providing facilities and encouraging throughout.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Singh, S., Kuanar, A., Mohanty, S. et al. Evaluation of phytomedicinal yield potential and molecular profiling of micropropagated and conventionally grown turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 104, 263–269 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9811-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9811-8