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Effect of temperature on secondary metabolites production and antioxidant enzyme activities in Eleutherococcus senticosus somatic embryos

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Abstract

Somatic embryos of Eleutherococcus senticosus were exposed at 12, 16, 24 and 30 °C for duration of 45 days in bioreactor. The effects of such treatments on the growth, eleutheroside B, E, E1, total phenolics, flavonoids, chlorogenic acid concentrations and antioxidant enzymes activities were investigated. The results revealed that low (12 and 18 °C) and high (30 °C) temperature caused significant decrease in fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), total phenolics, flavonoids and total eleutheroside accumulation, while low temperature increased eleutheroside E accumulation in somatic embryos. Low temperature significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities whereas a strong increase in ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activity was obtained at 12 °C grown somatic embryos. In contrast, high temperature significantly decreased antioxidant enzymes activities and even guaiacol peroxidase (G-POD) activity also decreased at low temperature in comparison to 24 °C grown embryos. These data suggest that low and high temperature treatment provoked an oxidative stress in E. senticosus embryos, as shown by the increase in lipid peroxidation. The increase in lipid peroxidation was paralleled by a rise in lipoxygenase (LOX) activity and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content. However, this stress was more prominent at high temperature than low temperature grown embryos. This result suggests that the reduced growth of embryo at 30 °C was concomitant with reduced efficiency of these protective enzymes. On the other hand, increases in antioxidant activities at 12 and 18 °C could also be a response to the cellular damage; however, this increase could not stop the deleterious effects of low temperature, but reduced stress severity thus allowing embryo growth to occur.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development (MOE), the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy (MOCIE) and the Ministry of Labor (MOLAB) through fostering the project in the Lab of Excellency in Research Center for the Development of Advanced Horticultural Technology at Chungbuk National University, Cheong-ju 361-763, Republic of Korea. We are thankful to Professor Rafiul Islam, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh, for reviewing the manuscript.

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  1. Research Center for the Development of Advanced Horticultural Technology, Chungbuk National University, 361-763, Cheong-ju, Republic of Korea

    Abdullah Mohammad Shohael, Kee-Won Yu, Eun-Joo Hahn & Kee-Yoeup Paek

  2. Cell Function Laboratory, National Food Research Institute, 305-8642, Tsukuba, Japan

    Mohammad Babar Ali

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  1. Abdullah Mohammad Shohael
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  2. Mohammad Babar Ali
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Correspondence to Kee-Yoeup Paek.

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Shohael, A.M., Ali, M.B., Yu, KW. et al. Effect of temperature on secondary metabolites production and antioxidant enzyme activities in Eleutherococcus senticosus somatic embryos. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 85, 219–228 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-005-9075-x

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