Abstract
In this article, we elicit both individuals’ and couples’ preferences assuming prospect theory (PT) as a general theoretical framework for decision under risk. Our experimental method, based on certainty equivalents, allows to infer measurements of utility and probability weighting at the individual level and at the couple level. Our main results are twofold. First, risk attitude for couples is compatible with PT and incorporates deviations from expected utility similar to those found in individual decision making. Second, couples’ attitudes towards risk are found to be consistent with a mix of individual attitudes, women being more influent on couples’ preferences at low probability levels.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
(2007) Loss aversion under prospect theory: A parameter-free measurement. Management Science 53(10): 1659–1674
(2008) A tractable method to measure utility and loss aversion under prospect theory. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 36(3): 245–266
(2011) The rich domain of uncertainty. American Economic Review 101: 695–723
Ashraf N. (2009) Spousal control and intra-household decision making: An experimental study in the philippines. American Economic Review 99(4): 1245–1277
Baker R., Laury S., Williams A. (2008) Comparing small-group and individual behavior in lottery-choice experiments. Southern Economic Journal 75(2): 367–382
Bateman I., Munro A. (2005) An experiment on risky choice amongst households. Economic Journal 115(502): 176–189
Becker G. (1973) A theory of marriage: Part I. Journal of Political Economy 81(4): 46–813
Blinder A., Morgan J. (2005) Are two heads better than one? Monetary policy by committee. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 37(5): 789–811
Booij A., van de Kuilen G. (2009) A parameter free analysis of the utility of money for the general population under prospect theory. Journal of Economic Psychology 30: 651–666
Browning M., Chiappori P. A. (1998) Efficient intra-household allocations: A general characterization and empirical tests. Econometrica 66(6): 1241–1278
Bruhin A., Fehr-Duda H., Epper T. (2011) Risk and rationality: Uncovering heterogeneity in probability distortion. Econometrica 78: 1375–1412
Budescum, D., Diecidue, E., & Keck, S. (2010). Ambiguity in group decision making. Working Paper. INSEAD.
Carlsson, F., Martinsson, P., Qin, P., Matthias, S. (2009). Household decision making and the influence of spouses? Income, education, and communist party membership: A field experiment in rural china. Working Papers 2009-09. University of Innsbruck.
Chambers, C., & Echenique F. (2010). When does aggregation reduce risk aversion? Working Paper. California Institute of Technology.
Charness G., Karni E., Levin D. (2011) Individual and group decision making under risk: An experimental study of bayesian updating and violations of first-order stochastic dominance. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 35(2): 129–148
Cherchye L., De Rock B., Vermeulen F. (2009) Opening the black box of intrahousehold decision making: Theory and nonparametric empirical tests of general collective consumption models. Journal of Political Economy 117(6): 1074–1104
Chiappori P.-A. (1988) Nash-bargained households decisions: A comment. International Economic Review 29(4): 96–791
Chiappori, P.-A., Reny, P. (2006). Matching to share risk. Working Paper. University of Chicago.
Croson R., Gneezy U. (2009) Gender differences in preferences. Journal of Economic Literature 47(2): 74–448
De Palma A., Picard N., Ziegelmeyer A. (2011) Individual and couple decision behavior under risk: Evidence on the dynamics of power balance. Theory and Decision 70: 45–64
Dellavigna S. (2009) Psychology and economics: Evidence from the field. Journal of Economic Literature 47: 315–372
Dohmen, T., Falk, A., Huffman, D., & Sunde U. (2011). The intergenerational transmission of risk and trust attitudes. Review of Economic Studies doi:10.1093/restud/rdr027.
Fehr-Duda H., de Gennaro M., Schubert R. (2006) Gender, financial risk, and probability weights. Theory and Decision 60(2): 283–313
Gierlinger, J., & Laczó, S. (2011.) Matching and self-enforcing insurance. mimeo.
Gonzalez R., Wu G. (1996) On the shape of the probability weighting function. Cognitive Psychology 38: 129–166
Harrison G., Rutström E. (2009) Expected utility theory and prospect theory: One wedding and a decent funeral. Experimental Economics 12(2): 133–158
Kahneman D., Tversky A. (1979) Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica 47: 263–291
Kebede, B., Tarazona, M., Munro, A., & Verschoor, A. (2011). Intra-household efficiency: An experimental study from ethiopia. Technical Report.
Lundberg S., Pollak R., Wales T. (1997) Do husbands and wives pool their resources? Evidence from UK child benefit. The Journal of Human Resources 32(3): 463–480
Mazzocco M. (2004) Saving, risk sharing, and preferences for risk. American Economic Review 94(4): 1169–1182
Munro, A., & Popov, D. (June 2009). A missing link in behavioural economics? A portmanteau experiment on the relevance of individual decision anomalies for households. Royal Holloway, University of London: Discussion Papers in Economics 09/10.
Niederle M., Vesterlund L. (2007) Do women shy away from competition? Do men compete too much?. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 122(3): 1067–1101
Prelec D. (1998) The probability weighting function. Econometrica 66: 497–528
Quiggin J. (1982) A theory of anticipated utility. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 3(4): 323–343
Shupp R., Williams A. (2008) Risk preference differentials of small groups and individuals. Economic Journal 118(525): 258–283
Starmer C. (2000) Developments in non-expected utility theory: The hunt for a descriptive theory of choice under risk. Journal of Economic Literature 28: 332–382
Sutter M. (2007) Are teams prone to myopic loss aversion? An experimental study on individual versus team investment behavior. Economics Letters 97(2): 128–132
Tversky A., Fox C. (1995) Weighting risk and uncertainty. Psychological Review 102: 269–283
Tversky A., Kahneman D. (1992) Advances in prospect theory: Cumulative representation of uncertainty. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 5: 297–323
Wakker P. (2010) Prospect theory: For risk and ambiguity. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Wu G., Gonzalez R. (1996) Curvature of the probability weighting function. Management Science 42: 1676–1690
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Abdellaoui, M., l’Haridon, O. & Paraschiv, C. Individual vs. couple behavior: an experimental investigation of risk preferences. Theory Decis 75, 175–191 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11238-012-9322-7
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11238-012-9322-7