Abstract
An investigation into Type II solar radio bursts was carried out to understand the frequency gap between fundamental and harmonic emissions of the radio burst. This investigation focused on Type II solar radio bursts with flares and coronal mass ejections by relating the separation between fundamental and harmonic emissions. We used the Compound Astronomical Low-cost Low-frequency Instrument for Spectroscopy and Transportable Spectrometers (CALLISTO) and a newly designed low-frequency antenna array. This article describes the proposed new instrument in terms of its antenna design, the bandpass testing of the antenna, the new system significance in studying Type II solar radio bursts, and its comparison with other leading radio solar monitoring instruments. Upon setting up the new technology, the radio-frequency interference of the observation site at the University of Malaya was shown to emphasize the suitability of the selected site. This article also shows the preliminary results of the proposed new instrument by reporting the detection of a Type III solar radio burst that was confirmed by CALLISTO. Moreover, it also includes the optimal observation design and strategies for future detections.
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Acknowledgments
This project was made possible through a close collaboration between YNAO and UM. The start of this project was made through an agreement via an official MOU signed between the two institutes on 5 May 2016. The authors would like to thank the CALLISTO network for making their data available online and hence for this project. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the University of Malaya Observatory, especially Nazhatulshima Ahmad, for the permission and support to use their site for the antenna construction, testing, and observations. We would like to also acknowledge the Government of Malaysia’s FRGS grant (FP034-2013B) for the financial support that enabled us to conduct this project.
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Pauzi, F.A.M., Abidin, Z.Z., Guo, S.J. et al. Investigation into CME Shock Speed Resulting from Type II Solar Radio Bursts. Sol Phys 295, 42 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-019-1404-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-019-1404-z