Skip to main content
Log in

Does only size matter in the use of knowledge intensive services?

  • Published:
Small Business Economics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Knowledge intensive services (KIS) have a key role in the creation and commercialisation of new products, processes and services. They are fundamental as carriers and creators of both technological and organisational innovation. Furthermore, the availability to firms of KIS in their surroundings positively affects their ability to innovate and contribute to the regional development. Nevertheless, a little is known about the factors that explain, why some firms use these services (technological advice, applied research, strategic consultancy, engineering, etc.) more frequently than other firms. This article, reporting from a database of more than 2,000 firms and with the use of binary models, analyses the factors that explain the use of KIS by small and medium-sized firms. Specifically, the services supplied by technological centres with the purpose of improving regional innovative potential are examined. The results show, in a similar way to the most consistent conclusions of the available studies, that demand for services increases with the size of the user firms. Spatial proximity between the user and the supplier of the KIS also seems to be a relevant factor. Other variables such as age, sector, innovation level and exports are also examined.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Antonelli, C. (2000). New information technology and localized technological change in the knowledge-based economy. In M. Boden & I. Miles (Eds.), Services and the knowledge-based economy (pp. 170–191). London: Continuum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Audretsch, D. (1998). Agglomeration and the location of innovative activity. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 14(2), 18–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Audretsch, D., & Thurik, R. (1999). Do services differ from manufacturing? The post-entry performance of firms in Dutch services. In D. Audretsch & R. Thurik (Eds.), Innovation, industry, evolution, and employment (pp. 230–252). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barrio, T., & García-Quevedo, J. (2005). Effects of university research on the geography of innovation. Regional Studies, 39, 1217–1229.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, R., & Robson, P. (1999). The use of external business advice by SMEs in Britain. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 11, 155–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, R., & Robson, P. (2003). Changing use of business advice and government supports by SMEs in the 1990s. Regional Studies, 37(8), 795–811.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Colombo, M. G., & Grilli, L. (2006). Supporting high-tech start-ups: Lessons from Italian technology policy. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2, 189–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • COTEC (2003). Las infraestructuras de provisión de tecnología a las empresas. Madrid: Fundación COTEC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Curran, J. (2000). What is small business policy in the UK for? Evaluation and assessing small business support policies. International Small Business Journal, 18(3), 36–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Curran, J., & Storey, D. (2002). Small business policy in the United Kingdom: The inheritance of the Small Business Service and implications for its future effectiveness. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 20(2), 163–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Czarnitzki, D., & Spielkamp, A. (2003). Business services in Germany: Bridges for innovation. The Service Industries Journal, 23, 1–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Den Hertog, P. (2000). Knowledge-intensive business services as co-producers of innovation. International Journal of Innovation Management, 4(4), 491–528.

    Google Scholar 

  • Den Hertog, P. (2002). Co-producers of innovation: On the role of knowledge-intensive business services in innovation. In J. Cadrey & F. Gallouj (Eds.), Productivity, innovation and knowledge in services (pp. 223–255). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drejer, I. (2004). Identifying innovation in surveys of services: A Schumpeterian perspective. Research Policy, 33, 551–562.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franzoni, C. (2007). Opportunity recognition in technology transfer organizations. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 3, 51–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Freel, M. (2000). External linkages and product innovation in small manufacturing firms. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 12, 245–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hernández, F., & Soler, V. (2003). Cuantificación del efecto distrito a través de medidas no radiales de eficiencia técnica. Investigaciones Regionales, 3, 25–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hjalmarsson, D., & Hohansson, A. W. (2003). Public advisory services – theory and practice. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 15, 83–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howells, J. (2000). Research and technology outsourcing and systems of innovation. In J. Metcalfe & I. Miles (Eds.), Innovation systems in the service economy (pp. 271–295). Boston/Dordrecht/London: Kluwer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Howells, J. (2004a). Innovation, consumption and services: Encapsulation and the combinatorial role of services. The Services Industries Journal, 24, 19–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howells, J. (2004b). Services and innovation: Conceptual and theoretical perspectives. In P. Daniels & J. Bryson (Eds.), The handbook of service industries. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huergo, E., & Jaumandreu, J. (2004). How does probability of innovation change with firm age? Small Business Economics, 22, 193–207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, S., Smallbone D., & Froud, M. (1998). Support for new and micro enterprises: The case for selectivity. Paper presented at the Institute of Small Business Affairs Annual Conference. Durham.

  • Johnson, S., Webber, D. J., & Thomas, W. (2004). Factors influencing the use of external business advice. In T. Cooney & P. Malinen (Eds.), New perspectives on firm growth (pp. 17–35). Turku, Finland: Council for Small Business and Entrepreneurship.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuusisto, J. (Ed.) (2005). Knowledge-intensive service activities in the Finnish forest and related engineering and electronics industries (Forenel) cluster. A research report for the OECD KISA focus group by ETLA, SC-Research and VTT. Paris: OECD.

  • Larsen, J. N. (2000). Supplier–user interaction in knowledge-intensive business services: Types of expertise, modes of organization. In M. Boden & I. Miles (Eds.), Services and the knowledge-based economy (pp. 146–154). London: Continuum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lean, J., Down, S., & Sadler-Smith, E. (1999). Small business policy and support – An examination of the developing role of personal business advisors within business link. Environment and planning C: Government & Policy, 17(5), 609–620.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, A. (1920). Principles of Economics. London: MacMillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mas-Verdú, F. (2007). Services and innovation systems: European models of Technological Centres. Service Business. An International Journal, 1, 7–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Metcalfe S., & Miles I. (Eds.) (2000). Innovation systems in the service economy: Measurement and case study analysis. Mass. USA: Kluwer Academic Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miles, I. (2003). Knowledge intensive services – Suppliers and Clients. Helsinki, Finland: Ministry of Trade and Industry Finland, Studies and Reports 15/2003.

  • Miles, I. (2005). Knowledge intensive business services: Prospects and policies. Foresight, 7(6), 39–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mole, K. (2002). Street-level technocracy in UK small business support: Business links, personal business advisers, and the small business service. Environment and Planning C: Government & Policy, 20(2), 179–194.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muller, E. (2001) Innovation interactions between knowledge-intensive business services and small and medium-sized enterprises. Heidelberg, New York: Physica-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muller, E., & Zenker, A. (2001). Business services as actors of knowledge transformation: The role of KIBS in regional and national innovation systems. Research Policy, 30, 1501–1516.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nooteboom, B. (2007). Service value chains and effects of scale. Service Business. An International Journal, 1, 119–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oerlemans, L., & Meeus, M. (2005). Do organizational and spatial proximity impact on firm performance? Regional Studies, 39, 89–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Proença, J. F., & Castro, L. M. (2007). The business-to-business relationship dimensions in financial services markets. Service Business. An International Journal, 1, 63–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robson, P., & Bennet, R. (1999). Central government support to SMEs compared to business link, business connect and business shop and prospects for the small business service. Regional Studies, 33(8), 779–787.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shane, S., & Katila, R. (2003). When are new firms more innovative than established firms? Robert H. Smith School of Business Working Paper, University of Maryland.

  • Sirilli, G., & Evangelista, R. (1998). Technological innovation in services and manufacturing: Results from Italian surveys. Research Policy, 27, 881–899.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smallbone, D., Bladock, R., & North, D. (2003). Policy support for small firms in rural areas: The English experience. Environment and planning C: Government & Policy, 21(6), 825–841.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smallbone, D., North, D., & Leigh, R. (1993). The use of external assistance by mature SMEs in the UK: Some policy implications. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 5, 279–295.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Storey, D. (2000). Six steps to heaven: Evaluating the impact of public policies to support small business in developed economies. In D. Sexton & H. Landström (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurship (pp. 176–194). Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strambach, S. (2001). Innovation process and the role of knowledge-intensive business services. In K. Koschatzky, M. Kulicke, & A. Zenker (Eds.), Innovation networks—concepts and challenges in the european perspective (pp. 53–68). Heidelberg, New York: Physica-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Studdard, N. L. (2006). The effectiveness of entrepreneurial firm´s knowledge acquisition from a business incubator. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2, 211–225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Theter, B. (2003). The sources and aims of innovation in services: Variety between and within sectors. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 16, 481–506.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Theter, B., Hipp, C., & Miles, I. (2001). Standardisation and particularisation in services: Evidence from Germany. Research Policy, 30, 1115–1138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tödtling, F., & Kaufmann, A. (2001). The role of the region for innovation activities of SMEs. European Urban and Regional Studies, 8, 203–215.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wren, C., & Storey, D. (2002). Evaluating the effect of soft business support upon small firm performance. Oxford Economic Papers, 54(2), 334–365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

A preliminary version of this article was presented at the XXXII Regional Studies Meeting (Ourense, Spain, November 2006). We are grateful for the comments of the participants. We would also like to thank the referees for their comments. José García-Quevedo is grateful for the support of the Ministry of Education and Science, Spain (project SEJ2004-05680ECON) and the Generalitat of Catalonia (2005SGR00285).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to José García-Quevedo.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

García-Quevedo, J., Mas-Verdú, F. Does only size matter in the use of knowledge intensive services?. Small Bus Econ 31, 137–146 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-007-9090-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-007-9090-x

Keywords

JEL Classifications

Navigation