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The importance of material resources and qualified trainers in adult non-formal education and training centres in South Africa

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Abstract

Non-formal education and training (NFET) programmes in public and private centres in South Africa aim to meet the training needs of adults who have been deprived of formal education which would have fostered skills acquisition and access to employment earlier in their lives. The concern which informs this paper is that adults who face long-term unemployment due to a lack of marketable skills often remain unemployed after completing NFET programmes. The paper assesses the extent to which material and human resources have affected skills acquisition and graduate employment in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The results show that material and human resource challenges in most public and some private centres have led to gaps in skills training. Programmes focus too strongly on academic credits and certificates and not enough on employment as an end goal. The authors argue that the existence of suitable training materials and qualified trainers with practical experience and specific technical skills constitutes favourable conditions (“enabling environments”) for graduate employment. Without improvement in material and human resources, adult trainees will continue to experience difficulties integrating into the labour market, and the cycle of poverty and social exclusion will remain unbroken.

Résumé

L’importance des moyens matériels et de formateurs qualifiés dans les centres d’éducation et de formation non formelles des adultes en Afrique du Sud - Les programmes d’éducation et de formation non formelles des adultes réalisés dans des centres publics et privés en Afrique du Sud visent à répondre aux besoins en formation des adultes qui ont été privés de l’éducation formelle. Cette dernière les aurait aidés plus tôt dans leur vie à acquérir des compétences et à accéder à un emploi. La question au cœur du présent article est que les adultes confrontés à un chômage de longue durée par manque de compétences monnayables demeurent souvent sans emploi après avoir accompli un programme de ce type. Les auteurs évaluent dans quelle mesure les ressources humaines et matérielles influent sur l’acquisition des compétences et sur l’emploi des certifiés sortants à KwaZulu-Natal (Afrique du Sud). Les résultats montrent que les défis inhérents aux ressources humaines et matérielles existant dans la majorité des centres publics et certains centres privés engendrent des lacunes dans la formation professionnelle. Les programmes sont trop axés sur les crédits académiques et les certificats, et insuffisamment sur l’emploi en tant que fin en soi. Les auteurs concluent que des moyens matériels appropriés et des formateurs qualifiés, dotés d’une expérience pratique et de savoir-faire techniques spécifiques, sont les conditions favorables (les « environnements propices ») à l’embauche des stagiaires certifiés. Sans une optimisation des ressources humaines et matérielles, ces derniers continueront à rencontrer des difficultés à intégrer le marché du travail, et le cercle vicieux de la pauvreté et de l’exclusion sociale ne pourra être rompu.

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Notes

  1. In this paper, private centres are defined as non-profit training centres managed by non-profit organisations (NPOs), community-based organisations (CBOs) and church or other faith-based organisations (FBOs).

  2. In other words, those who selected “able” or “very able”.

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Correspondence to Celestin Mayombe.

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Mayombe, C., Lombard, A. The importance of material resources and qualified trainers in adult non-formal education and training centres in South Africa. Int Rev Educ 62, 187–204 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-016-9548-7

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