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Corporal punishment in Tanzania’s schools

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Abstract

The purpose of this survey was to acquire descriptive information regarding corporal punishment in Tanzania’s O-level secondary schools. 448 individuals participated in the study: 254 teachers and 194 students, all from government or private secondary schools in the Iringa Region of Tanzania. In addition, 14 students and 14 teachers were interviewed. It was found that corporal punishment was the most common form of punishment in secondary schools. The majority of teachers supported its continued use, but believed in moderation. The majority of students and teachers were unaware of national laws to restrict corporal punishment. There was agreement between students and teachers that corporal punishment was used for major and minor student offences such as misbehaviour and tardiness. Students reported disliking the practice and believed it was ineffective and resulted in emotional, as well as physical, distress.

Résumé

Le châtiment corporel dans les collèges de Tanzanie – Cette enquête avait pour but d’obtenir une information descriptive sur le châtiment corporel infligé dans les classes secondaires du niveau du brevet en Tanzanie. L’étude a impliqué 448 personnes : 254 professeurs et 194 élèves d’écoles secondaires publiques et privées situées dans la région d’Iringa en Tanzanie. En outre, des interviews ont été menées avec 14 enseignants et 24 élèves. Nous avons constaté que le châtiment corporel constitue la forme la plus courante de punition dans les collèges. La majorité des enseignants approuvent d’y recourir régulièrement mais préconisent la modération. La plupart des professeurs et des élèves ne connaissent pas les lois nationales qui limitent le châtiment corporel. Les deux groupes s’accordent sur le fait que le châtiment corporel est infligé lors d’infractions majeures mais aussi mineures de la part des élèves, telles que mauvaise conduite ou manque de ponctualité. Les élèves déclarent désapprouver cette pratique et la jugent inefficace et source de souffrances émotionnelles aussi bien que physiques.

Zusammenfassung

Körperstrafen an Tansanias Schulen – Mit dieser Erhebung sollten deskriptive Informationen über Körperstrafen an Tansanias Schulen der Sekundarstufe 1 gesammelt werden. An der Studie nahmen 448 Personen teil: 254 Lehrkräfte und 194 Schülerinnen und Schüler, alle aus öffentlichen oder privaten Sekundarschulen der Region Iringa in Tansania. Zusätzlich wurden Interviews mit 14 Schülerinnen und Schülern und 14 Lehrkräften geführt. Es stellte sich heraus, dass Körperstrafen die häufigste Art der Strafe in Sekundarschulen sind. Die meisten Lehrkräfte waren dafür, sie beizubehalten, allerdings in Maßen. Der Mehrheit der Schülerinnen und Schüler und der Lehrkräfte war nicht bekannt, dass Körperstrafen durch staatliche Gesetze eingeschränkt werden. Lernende und Lehrende sagten übereinstimmend, dass mehr oder minder schwere Vergehen von Schülerinnen und Schülern, wie zum Beispiel schlechtes Benehmen und Zuspätkommen, mit Körperstrafen geahndet werden. Manche Schülerinnen und Schüler sagten, dass sie diese Praxis ablehnen, dass sie sie für unwirksam halten und glauben, dass sie emotionales Leid und körperliche Leiden zur Folge hat.

Resumen

Castigos corporales en escuelas de Tanzania – Esta encuesta se realizó con el objetivo de adquirir información descriptiva sobre el castigo corporal en las escuelas secundarias de O-level (ciclo básico) en Tanzania. De este estudio participaron 448 personas: 254 docentes y 194 estudiantes, todos de escuelas secundarias privadas o públicas de la región de Iringa, Tanzania. Además, se entrevistaron 14 estudiantes y 14 docentes. Se comprobó que el castigo corporal era la forma de castigo más común en las escuelas secundarias. La mayoría de los docentes se manifestó a favor de que se siguiera aplicando, si bien confiaban en la moderación. La mayoría de los estudiantes y docentes desconocían leyes nacionales que restringen el castigo corporal. Tanto los estudiantes como los docentes coincidieron en que el castigo corporal se aplicaba ante transgresiones estudiantiles de mayor o menor importancia, tales como mala conducta e impuntualidad. Los estudiantes informaron su desagrado frente a esta práctica y sostenían que era ineficaz y causaba malestar, tanto físico como emocional.

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Correspondence to Sheryl Feinstein.

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Feinstein, S., Mwahombela, L. Corporal punishment in Tanzania’s schools. Int Rev Educ 56, 399–410 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-010-9169-5

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