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The dynamic skeleton

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Abstract

Adding to its well-known roles in locomotion and calcium balance, the skeleton has recently been appreciated as a true endocrine organ. Bone remodeling, a highly dynamic process, requires synchronized activities and crosstalk between bone cells. Discovery and characterization of the Wnt/β catenin pathway in bone formation, FGF23 regulation of phosphate homeostasis and osteocalcin in energy and glucose homeostasis have reframed our view of the skeleton from simply a target tissue of the endocrine system to an endocrine tissue itself. This comprehensive review provides an overview of these complex pathways, their application to human bone disorders and implications for developing diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

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Conflict of interest

Dr. Gonciulea and Dr. Jan de Beur have no conflict of interest to declare.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Anda Gonciulea & Suzanne Jan de Beur

  2. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 5200 Eastern Ave, Mason F. Lord Center Tower, Suite 4300, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA

    Suzanne Jan de Beur

  3. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA

    Anda Gonciulea & Suzanne Jan de Beur

Authors
  1. Anda Gonciulea
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  2. Suzanne Jan de Beur
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Correspondence to Suzanne Jan de Beur.

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Gonciulea, A., de Beur, S.J. The dynamic skeleton. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 16, 79–91 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-015-9316-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-015-9316-1

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