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Removal of ibuprofen using a SiO2@xTiO2 photocatalyst under UV irradiation

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Abstract

This paper reports on the photodegradation of ibuprofen (IBP), as a model pharmaceutical, using SiO2@xTiO2 synthesized via a hydrothermal method. The catalysts were prepared by adding TiO2 at different weight loadings (2, 5, 10 and 20 wt%) to a Stober synthesized silica (ca. 120 ± 10 nm diameter). The core–shell materials were characterized by TEM, XRD, reflectance diffuse spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, BET analysis and electrical conductivity. The photodegradation was performed using UV irradiation (254 nm, 25 W). The effect of catalyst dosage and the pH of the solution on the rate of IBP photodegradation was investigated. The SiO2@xTiO2 showed excellent photodegradation efficiency and the decomposition reaction was found to be pseudo first order where the degradation rate of IBP increased with the formation of H2O2. Optimal experimental conditions gave 99% IBP degradation with the SiO2@20TiO2 catalyst (0.1 g/L, at 180 min of irradiation).

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the Directorate General for Scientific Research and Technological Development DGRSDT (Algeria). The DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials (University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa) is also thanked for their financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre de Recherche Scientifique Et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimique, Siège Ex-Pasna Zone Industrielle, BP 384, CP 42004, Bou-Ismail, Tipaza, Algeria

    Djalila Guettaia, Hanane Zazoua, Mohammed Réda Ramdani, Khaldoun Bacharı & Amel Boudjemaa

  2. Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique Et Environnement, Université de Tlemcen, BP 119, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria

    Djalila Guettaia

  3. Unité de Recherche Matériaux et Energies Renouvelables, Université Aboubekr Belkaid de Tlemcen, B.P 119, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria

    Mohammed Réda Ramdani

  4. DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials and the Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa

    Neil J. Coville

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  1. Djalila Guettaia
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  2. Hanane Zazoua
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  4. Khaldoun Bacharı
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DG: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing—original draft. HZ: Visualization, Investigation, Methodology,—review & editing. MRR: Visualization, Investigation, Methodology,—review & editing. KBa: Review & Editing. NJC: Review & Editing. AB: Conceptualization, Writing—review & editing. All the authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript, read and improved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Amel Boudjemaa.

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Guettaia, D., Zazoua, H., Ramdani, M.R. et al. Removal of ibuprofen using a SiO2@xTiO2 photocatalyst under UV irradiation. Reac Kinet Mech Cat 136, 1085–1106 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-023-02398-9

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