Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of preparation conditions on catalytic activity of Ru/AC catalyst to reduce bromate ion in water

  • Published:
Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The effects of Ru precursor, Ru loading and calcination conditions on the properties and catalytic activities of ruthenium catalysts supported on activated carbon (Ru/AC) to remove bromate ion in water were investigated. A series of Ru/AC catalysts were prepared by the impregnation method and were characterized. From the examination of X-ray photoelectron spectra, RuO2 was deemed as the major active component on the Ru/AC catalysts to reduce bromate ion. The Ru precursors have significant effect on the activities of Ru/AC catalysts, due mainly to that (NH4)2RuCl6 was prone to generate metallic Ru, while RuCl3·3H2O could form RuO2. It was also found that calcination of Ru/AC in pure nitrogen gas favored the RuO2 formation compared with those calcined in vacuum and 1.5 vol.% H2/N2. The maximum bromate reduction efficiency around 95 % can be successfully achieved by Ru/AC prepared when the Ru loading, calcination temperature and time were 0.1 wt.%, 900 °C, and 3 h, in order, in a pure N2 atmosphere. From the characterization of catalysts, it was found that the excellent performance of Ru/AC would benefit from two aspects: one is that the structure and texture of the support carbon was strengthened during the calcination process, and the other is that an even distribution of RuO2 particles was obtained.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. IARC (1999) Potassium bromate (Summary of Data Reported and Evaluation). Lyon

  2. European Union (1980) Council directive of 15 July 1980 relating to the quality of water intended for human consumption. Off J Eur Commun 23(L229), 11. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/consleg/1980/L/01980L0778-19950101-en.pdf

  3. U.S. EPA (2001) Toxicological review of bromate, EPA/635/R-01/002. Washington, DC

  4. Listiarini K, Tor JT, Sun DD, Leckie JO (2010) J Membr Sci 365:154–159

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Butler R, Godley A, Lytton L, Cartmell E (2005) Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 35:193–217

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Zhang XW, Zhang T, Ng JW, Pan JH, Sun DD (2010) Environ Sci Technol 44:439–444

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Dung DH, Erbs W, Li SB, Grätzel M (1983) Chem Phys Lett 95:266–268

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Mills A, Giddings S, Patel I, Lawrence C (1987) J Chem Soc Faraday Trans I(83):2331–2345

    Google Scholar 

  9. Mills A, Meadows G (1995) Water Res 29:2181–2185

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Thakur DB, Tiggelaar RM, Hoang TMC, Gardeniers JGE, Lefferts L, Seshan K (2011) Appl Catal B Environ 102:243–250

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Raróg-Pilecka W, Szmigiel D, Kowalczyk Z, Jodzis S, Zielinski J (2003) J Catal 218:465–469

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Rossetti I, Pernicone N, Forni L (2003) Appl Catal A Gen 248:97–103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Lu CY, Tseng HH, Wey MY, Hsueh TW (2009) Chem Eng J 145:461–467

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Bock C, Paquet C, Couillard M, Botton GA, MacDougall BR (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:8028–8037

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Miyazaki A, Balint I, Aika K, Nakano Y (2001) J Catal 204:364–371

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Ramos-Fernández EV, Silvestre-Albero J, Sepúlveda-Escribano A, Rodríguez-Reinoso F (2010) Appl Catal A Gen 374:221–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Rossetti I, Forni L (2005) Appl Catal A Gen 282:315–320

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Liang CH, Wei ZB, Xin Q, Li C (2001) Appl Catal A Gen 208:193–201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Dong XF, Zou HB, Lin WM (2006) Int J Hydrogen Energy 31:2337–2344

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Song SH, Lee SB, Bae JW, Sai Prasad PS, Jun KW, Shul YG (2009) Catal Lett 129:233–239

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Bai LY, Zhou YM, Zhang YW, Liu H, Sheng XL, Duan YZ (2009) Catal Commun 10:2013–2017

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Rarog W, Kowalczyk Z, Sentek J, Skladanowski D, Zielinski J (2000) Catal Lett 68:163–168

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Moggi P, Albanesi G, Predieri G, Spoto G (1995) Appl Catal A Gen 123:123–145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Aika K, Takano T, Murata S (1992) J Catal 136:126–140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Suh MY, Lee CH, Choi KS, Song BC, Park YJ, Kim WH (2002) Korean Chem 23:1819–1822

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Bianchi CL, Ragaini V (1991) Mater Chem Phys 29:297–306

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Perov VM (1995) React Kinet Catal Lett 55:127–130

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Mun C, Ehrhardt JJ, Lambert J, Madic C (2007) Appl Sur Sci 253:7513–7516

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Hrbek J, van Campen DG, Malik IJ (1995) J Vac Sci Technol A 13:1403–1409

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Chan HYH, Takoudis CC, Weaver MJ (1997) J Catal 172:336–340

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Kowalczyk Z, Sentek J, Jodzis S, Mizera E, Goralski J, Paryjczak T, Diduszko R (1997) Catal Lett 45:65–72

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Kim S, Paik U, Park J (2006) J Ceram Process Res 7:53–57

    Google Scholar 

  33. Yu JG, Yu HG, Cheng B, Trapalis C (2006) J MolCatal A Chem 249:135–142

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the China major science and technology program for water pollutant control and treatment (2009ZX07423-003) and Nature Science Foundation of Shenzhen (JC201005260108A).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shenzhen Graduate School, E412, Harbin Institute of Technology, Environmental Science and Engineering Research Center, University Town, Xili, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

    Zijun Dong, Wenyi Dong, Feiyun Sun, Rongshu Zhu & Feng Ouyang

Authors
  1. Zijun Dong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Wenyi Dong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Feiyun Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Rongshu Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Feng Ouyang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wenyi Dong.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Dong, Z., Dong, W., Sun, F. et al. Effects of preparation conditions on catalytic activity of Ru/AC catalyst to reduce bromate ion in water. Reac Kinet Mech Cat 107, 231–244 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-012-0473-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-012-0473-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation