Abstract
At present geological epoch, the carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM) of cyanobacteria represents the obligatory tool for adaptation to low content of CO2 in the atmosphere and for the maintenance of sufficient photosynthetic activity. Functional CCM was found in modern cyanobacteria from different ecological niches. However, the presence of such mechanism in species that inhabit soda lakes is not obvious due to high content of inorganic carbon (C i) in the environment. Here we analyze CCM components that have been identified by sequencing of the whole genome of the alkaliphilic cyanobacterium Microcoleus sp. IPPAS B-353. The composition of the CCM components of Microcoleus is similar to that of ‘model’ β-cyanobacteria, freshwater and marine Synechococcus or Synechocystis spp. However, CahB1 protein of Microcoleus, which is the homolog of CcaA, the carboxysomal β-type carbonic anhydrase (CA) of β-cyanobacteria, appeared to be the only active CA located in cell envelopes. The conservative regions of CcmM, CahG (a homolog of archeal γ-CAs, Cam/CamH), and ChpX of Microcoleus possess single amino acid substitutions that may cause a lack of CA activities. Unlike model cyanobacteria, Microcoleus induces only one BicA-type bicarbonate transporter in response to C i limitation. The differences in the appearance of CCM components and in their characteristics between alkaliphilic Microcoleus and freshwater or marine cyanobacteria are described. The possible reasons for the maintenance of CCM components in cyanobacteria, which permanently live at high concentrations of C i in soda lakes, are discussed.
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Abbreviations
- CA:
-
Carbonic anhydrase
- CCM:
-
CO2-concentrating mechanism
- C i :
-
Inorganic carbon compounds (CO2 + HCO3 −)
- K m :
-
Michaelis constant
- RuBisCO:
-
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
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Acknowledgments
We thank Prof. J. Eaton-Rye (University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand) and Dr. M.P. Malakhov (San Diego, USA) for critical reading of the manuscript; we are grateful to M.V. Rodionova for the help during the experiments on overexpression of CahB1 protein. D.A.L and E.V.K were supported by a grant from Russian Science Foundation (no. 14-24-00020); N.A.P. was supported by a grant from Russian Foundation for Basic Research (no. 13-04-00193a); Y.I.P. was supported by grants from the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program, Rural Development Administration (PJ011659) and the Advanced Biomass R&D Center (ABC) of Korea (NRF-2011-0031344), the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Korea.
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Kupriyanova, E.V., Cho, S.M., Park, YI. et al. The complete genome of a cyanobacterium from a soda lake reveals the presence of the components of CO2-concentrating mechanism. Photosynth Res 130, 151–165 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-016-0235-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-016-0235-0