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Lectin Protein Kinase Is Induced in Plant Roots in Response to the Endophytic Fungus, Piriformospora indica

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Abstract

The symbiotic association of Piriformospora indica provides growth promotion leading to increased biomass as well as enhanced plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses in a variety of plant species. Since various protein kinases are thought to be involved in mutual signaling in symbiotic interactions, we analyzed transcript profile of rice protein kinase genes during the infection process by real-time PCR. A rice L-type lectin protein kinase (OslecRK) and Arabidopsis AtLecRK genes are highly upregulated in roots during the initial stage of symbiotic association. In order to investigate the role of LecRK gene in root colonization, the Arabidopsis mutant line (Atlecrk) of rice homolog was used which shows the restricted intracellular penetration of the P. indica hyphae. The results indicate that LecRK might be a crucial factor in perception and recognition during plant–P. indica association by regulating fungal invasion.

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Acknowledgements

The work was partially supported by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India, and the National Institute for Plant Genome Research, New Delhi. Nivedita gratefully acknowledges a research fellowship from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Government of India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India

    Nivedita & Kailash C. Upadhyaya

  2. National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India

    Praveen K. Verma

  3. Amity Institute of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Amity University, Noida, India

    Kailash C. Upadhyaya

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  1. Nivedita
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  2. Praveen K. Verma
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  3. Kailash C. Upadhyaya
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Correspondence to Kailash C. Upadhyaya.

Electronic Supplementary Material

Table S1

List of primers for rice protein kinases used for real-time PCR. (DOCX 19 kb)

Table S2

Properties of OsLecRK and AtLecRK (DOCX 13 kb)

Table S3

Sequence information of Arabidopsis mutant line (DOCX 12 kb)

Fig. S1

Colonization of rice roots by P. indica at 6 days after inoculation. The fungal hyphae are present in both intercellular and intracellular spaces. Fungal structures were stained with WGA-AF488 and root cells were stained by propidium iodide (PI). Arrows indicate the hyphal structures (scale bar is 20 μm). Fig. S2: Phylogenetic analysis of LecRLK gene constructed for L-type LecRK family of rice, Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays, and Medicago truncatula, by maximum likelihood using 1000 bootstrap replicates. Fig. S3: Distribution of conserved motifs in the LecRKs family members of rice and Arabidopsis. Names of all the members among the defined gene clusters and combined p values are shown on the left side of the figure, motif sizes are indicated at the bottom. Different motifs represented by different colors are numbered 1–10. Fig. S4: Confirmation of homozygous Arabidopsis mutant Atlecrk by gDNA PCR. A. PCR amplification of LecRK (AT4g02420) in WT A. thaliana by using gene-specific primers (lane 1 and 2), B. 1.2 kb product was amplified in mutant line (SALK_128001C) by using gene-specific primer (Fp) and T-DNA LB primer (Rp) (lane 2 and 3) while no PCR product was amplified when using gene-specific primer (lane 1). C. Diagrammatic representation of AT4g02420 with T-DNA insertion site in its exon. M- 1 kb DNA marker. The primer pair indicated by red arrow. Fig. S5: Phenotypic observation of Atlecrk line in presence and absence of P.indica as compared to WT. Fig. S6: Phenotypic observation of lateral roots in WT and Atlecrk line in absence of P.indica. (PPTX 13279 kb)

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Nivedita, Verma, P.K. & Upadhyaya, K.C. Lectin Protein Kinase Is Induced in Plant Roots in Response to the Endophytic Fungus, Piriformospora indica . Plant Mol Biol Rep 35, 323–332 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-017-1024-4

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