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Ninety-year-, but not single, application of phosphorus fertilizer has a major impact on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

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Abstract

Background and aims

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play a significant role in P nutrition of crops in agriculture, but P accumulation in the soil, e.g., application of P-fertilizer, generally reduces AM fungal colonization. The impact of long-term application of chemical fertilizer on AM fungal communities was investigated with respect to the time scale.

Methods

Soils were collected from four plots with different fertilizer management in the long-term experimental field established in 1914. Lotus japonicus was grown in the soils in a greenhouse, while Glycine max was grown in the plots in the field. DNA was extracted from their roots, and the diversity and community compositions were analyzed based on occurrence of the AM fungal phylotypes defined by sequence similarity in the LSU rDNA.

Results

The 90-year-application of N and K in the absence of P increased AM fungal diversity and resulted in formation of a distinctive fungal community compared with those in the other treatments. This effect was not cancelled by single application of P. Whereas the impact of balanced application of N, P, and K was ambiguous.

Conclusion

These observations suggest that the presence/absence of P-fertilizer has a major impact on AM fungal communities, but the action may appear only on a long time scale.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Mr. M. Urayama for field management and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan, for the scholarship to YC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan

    Ying Cheng, Keiko Ishimoto, Yuko Kuriyama, Mitsuru Osaki & Tatsuhiro Ezawa

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  1. Ying Cheng
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  2. Keiko Ishimoto
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  3. Yuko Kuriyama
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  4. Mitsuru Osaki
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  5. Tatsuhiro Ezawa
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Correspondence to Tatsuhiro Ezawa.

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Responsible Editor: Hans Lambers.

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Cheng, Y., Ishimoto, K., Kuriyama, Y. et al. Ninety-year-, but not single, application of phosphorus fertilizer has a major impact on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities. Plant Soil 365, 397–407 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1398-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1398-x

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