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Increased expression of Fe-chelatase leads to increased metabolic flux into heme and confers protection against photodynamically induced oxidative stress

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Abstract

Fe-chelatase (FeCh, EC 4.99.1.1) inserts Fe2+ into protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX) to form heme, which influences the flux through the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway as well as fundamental cellular processes. In transgenic rice (Oryza sativa), the ectopic expression of Bradyrhizobium japonicum FeCh protein in cytosol results in a substantial increase of FeCh activity compared to wild-type (WT) rice and an increasing level of heme. Interestingly, the transgenic rice plants showed resistance to oxidative stress caused not only by the peroxidizing herbicide acifluorfen (AF) as indicated by a reduced formation of leaf necrosis, a lower conductivity, lower malondialdehyde and H2O2 contents as well as sustained Fv/Fm compared to WT plants, but also by norflurazon, paraquat, salt, and polyethylene glycol. Moreover, the transgenic plants responded to AF treatment with markedly increasing FeCh activity. The accompanying increases in heme content and heme oxygenase activity demonstrate that increased heme metabolism attenuates effects of oxidative stress caused by accumulating porphyrins. These findings suggest that increases in heme levels and porphyrin scavenging capacity support a detoxification mechanism serving against porphyrin-induced oxidative stress. This study also implicates heme as possibly being a positive signal in plant stress responses.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (Ministry of Education, Science and Technology). (NRF-2009-0076123 and NRF-2010-0005635).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Korea

    Jin-Gil Kim, Thu-Ha Phung & Sunyo Jung

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea

    Kyoungwhan Back & Hyoung Yool Lee

  3. Institute of Biology/Plant Physiology, Humboldt University, Philippstrasse 13, Building 12, 10115, Berlin, Germany

    Hye-Jung Lee & Bernhard Grimm

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  1. Jin-Gil Kim
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Correspondence to Sunyo Jung.

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Jin-Gil Kim and Kyoungwhan Back have equally contributed to this work.

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Kim, JG., Back, K., Lee, H.Y. et al. Increased expression of Fe-chelatase leads to increased metabolic flux into heme and confers protection against photodynamically induced oxidative stress. Plant Mol Biol 86, 271–287 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-014-0228-3

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