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Photosynthetic and yield responses of an old and a modern winter wheat cultivars to short-term ozone exposure

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Photosynthetica

Abstract

In order to study the responses of winter wheat cultivars released in different years to short-term high O3 exposure, an old cultivar (‘Nongda 311’, released in 1960s) and a modern one (‘Yannong 19’, released in 1990s) were treated with an O3 exposure (145 ± 12 mm3 m−3, 4 h d−1 for 3 d) shortly after anthesis stage (> 50 % main stems blossomed). During the O3 exposure, light-saturated photosynthetic rate (P N) and stomatal conductance (g s) of both cultivars decreased considerably. Elevated O3 did not decrease dark-adapted maximum photochemical efficiency, but induced significant reduction in actual photochemical efficiency and thereby considerably increase in non-photochemical quenching. P N, g s of the modern cultivar ‘Yannong 19’ decreased more than the older one ‘Nongda 311’, indicating the former exhibited higher sensitivity to O3 than the latter. After O3 exposure, P N, g s and chlorophyll (Chl) content in flag leaf decreased more quickly than control, indicating induction of faster premature leaf senescence. As a result, the short-term O3 exposure caused substantial yield loss, with larger reduction in ‘Yannong 19’ (−19.2 %) than in ‘Nongda 311’ (−8.4 %). Our results indicated that high O3 exposure at grain filling stage would have greater negative impacts on the high yielding modern cultivar relative to the old one with lower yield.

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Abbreviations

C i :

intercellular CO2 concentration

Chl:

chlorophyll

DAA:

days after anthesis

F:

steady state fluorescence under light

Fo, Fm, Fv :

initial, maximal, and variable fluorescence after dark-adaptation

Fm′:

maximal fluorescence after light-adaptation

Fv/Fm :

the dark-adapted maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII

g s :

stomatal conductance

HI:

harvest index

NPQ:

non-photochemical quenching

P N :

net photosynthetic rate

ΦPSII :

actual photochemical efficiency of PSII

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, 100093, Beijing, P.R. China

    H. Xu, S.-B. Chen, D.K. Biswas, Y.-G. Li & G.-M. Jiang

Authors
  1. H. Xu
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  2. S.-B. Chen
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  3. D.K. Biswas
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  4. Y.-G. Li
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  5. G.-M. Jiang
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Correspondence to Y.-G. Li.

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Xu, H., Chen, SB., Biswas, D. et al. Photosynthetic and yield responses of an old and a modern winter wheat cultivars to short-term ozone exposure. Photosynthetica 47, 247–254 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-009-0039-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-009-0039-y

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