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Nonlinear modes in spatially confined spin–orbit-coupled Bose–Einstein condensates with repulsive nonlinearity

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Abstract

It was found that spatially confined spin–orbit (SO) coupling, which can be induced by illuminating Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) with a Gaussian laser beam, can help trap a spinor Bose gas in multi-dimensional space. Previous works on this topic were all based on a Boson gas featuring an attractive interaction. In this paper, we consider the trapping effect in the case in which the Boson gas features a repulsive interaction. After replacing the repulsive effect, stable excited modes of semi-vortex (SV) type and mixed-mode (MM) type, which cannot be created in a Boson gas with attractive interactions, can be found in the current setting. The trapping ability and the capacity of the confined SO coupling versus the degree of the repulsive strength as well as the order of the excited mode are systematically discussed firstly through the paper. Moreover, the stability of the nonlinear mode trapped in this system with a moving reference frame is also discussed. Unlike the system with homogeneous SO coupling, two different types of stationary mobility modes can be stabilized when the SO coupling moves in the x- and y-directions, respectively. This finding indicates that the system with moving confined SO coupling features a typical anisotropic character that differs from the system with moving homogeneous SO coupling.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by NNSFC (China) through Grant Nos. 11905032, 11874112, and 11575063, the Foundation for Distinguished Young Talents in Higher Education of Guangdong through Grant Nos. 2018KQNCX279 and 2018KQNCX009, and the Special Funds for the Cultivation of Guangdong College Students Scientific and Technological Innovation, No. pdjh2019b0514.

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  1. Xiong-wei Chen, Zhi-gui Deng and Xiao-xi Xu have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China

    Xiong-wei Chen, Xiao-xi Xu, Shu-lan Li, Bin Liu & Yong-yao Li

  2. Department of Physical Electronics, School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Zhi-gui Deng & Zhao-pin Chen

  3. Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK

    Zhi-wei Fan

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  1. Xiong-wei Chen
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Chen, Xw., Deng, Zg., Xu, Xx. et al. Nonlinear modes in spatially confined spin–orbit-coupled Bose–Einstein condensates with repulsive nonlinearity. Nonlinear Dyn 101, 569–579 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-020-05692-6

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