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Neuroprotective Efficacy of Eugenol and Isoeugenol in Acrylamide-Induced Neuropathy in rats: Behavioral and Biochemical evidence

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Abstract

The primary objective of this investigation was to assess the neuroprotective efficacy of spice active principles namely Eugenol (Eug) and isoeugenol (IE) in an acrylamide (ACR) neuropathy model in rats. In the present study, ACR administration (50 mg/kg bw, i.p. 3 times/week) for 5 weeks to growing rats caused typical symptoms of neuropathy. We found that treatment of ACR rats with spice active principles (10 mg/kg bw, for 5 weeks) caused marked improvement in gait score and responses in a battery of behavioral tests. Terminally, both spice active principles markedly attenuated ACR-induced markers of oxidative stress viz., reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) in sciatic nerve (SN) as well as brain regions (cortex Ct, cerebellum Cb). Treatment with Eug restored the reduced glutathione levels in SN and brain regions. Interestingly, both spice active principles effectively diminished ACR-induced elevation in cytosolic calcium levels and acetylcholinesterase activity in SN and Ct. Further, the diminished activity of ATPase among ACR rats was enhanced in SN and restored in brain regions. Furthermore, Eug treatment significantly offset ACR-induced depletion in dopamine levels in brain regions. Collectively our findings suggest the propensity of these spice active principles to attenuate ACR-induced neuropathy. Further studies are necessary to understand the precise molecular mechanism/s by which these spice active principles attenuate neuropathy. Nevertheless, our data clearly demonstrate the beneficial effects of spice active principles in ACR-induced neuropathy in rats and suggest their possible therapeutic usage as an adjuvant in the management of other forms of neuropathy in humans.

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Abbreviations

CNS:

Central nervous system

PNS:

Peripheral nervous system

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

HP:

Hydroperoxides

NO:

Nitric oxide

GSH:

Reduced glutathione

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

CAT:

Catalase

GST:

Glutathione-S-transferase

AChE:

Acetylcholinesterase

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank the Director, CFTRI, for his keen interest in this area of research. Also, the grant from the Department of Science and Technology (Women Scientist Scheme WOS-A) New Delhi, Government of India (SR/WOS-A/LS-201/2008) to the first author is greatly acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore, 570020, India

    Sathya N. Prasad &  Muralidhara

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  1. Sathya N. Prasad
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Correspondence to Muralidhara.

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Prasad, S.N., Muralidhara Neuroprotective Efficacy of Eugenol and Isoeugenol in Acrylamide-Induced Neuropathy in rats: Behavioral and Biochemical evidence. Neurochem Res 38, 330–345 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-012-0924-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-012-0924-9

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