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Convergence and Divergence in the Etiology of Myelin Impairment in Psychiatric Disorders and Drug Addiction

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Abstract

Impairment of oligodendroglia (OL)-dependent myelination in the central nervous system (CNS) is a remarkable parallel recently identified in major psychiatric disorders and chronic drug abuse. Neuroimaging and neuropathological studies revealed myelin defects and microarray-profiling analysis demonstrated aberrant expression of myelin-related genes in schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and cocaine addiction. However, the etiology underlying myelin impairment in these clinically distinct subjects remains elusive. This article reviews myelin impairment in line with dopaminergic dysfunction, a prime neuropathophysiological trait shared in psychiatric disorders and drug abuse, as well as the genetic and epigenetic alterations associated with these diseases. The current findings support the hypothesis that aberrant dopamine (DA) action on OLs is a common pathologic mechanism for myelin impairment in the aforementioned mental morbidities, whereas inherited genetic variations that specifically affect OL development and myelinogenesis may further increase myelin vulnerability in psychiatric disorders. Importantly, OL defect is not only a pathological consequence but also a causative factor for dopaminergic dysfunction. Hence, myelin impairment is a key factor in the pathogenic loop of psychiatric diseases and drug addiction.

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Acknowledgement

This work is supported by NIH grant NS39551 and NASRAD Independent Investigator Award to YF.

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  1. Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA

    Yue Feng

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Correspondence to Yue Feng.

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Special issue article in honor of Dr. Ji-Sheng Han.

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Feng, Y. Convergence and Divergence in the Etiology of Myelin Impairment in Psychiatric Disorders and Drug Addiction. Neurochem Res 33, 1940–1949 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-008-9693-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-008-9693-x

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