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Testing Aleppo pine seed sources response to climate change by using trial sites reflecting future conditions

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Abstract

Large-scale biogeographical shifts in forest tree distributions are predicted in response to the altered precipitation and temperature regimes associated with climate change. Adaptive forest management to climate change experienced in either stable or rapidly changing environments must consider this fact when carrying out reforestation programs or specifically assisted population migration for conservation purposes. The aim of this study was to compare field performance of eleven seed sources of Aleppo pine outplanted in core and marginal habitats and to assess their phenotypic plasticity for further screening under specific conditions in particular reforestation areas. We hypothesize that current marginal habitat due to low temperature is shifting toward conditions found on the core habitat and that current core habitat will shift toward warmer and drier marginal habitat. Our study reproduced real conditions of reforestation in potential future climatic conditions. Results suggest that it is difficult to predict Aleppo pine provenances’ performance in different natural sites from their performance at a single location, even though ‘Levante interior’ and ‘La Mancha’ seed sources showed the best overall response among sites. On a site basis, provenances were matched in groups according to their survival and growth responses. Seedlings grown from local seed sources or seed orchards performed better on the core habitat. However, as conditions shifted to marginal habitats, seedlings from climatically similar regions performed better than local sources at least in the short term; our findings suggest that new plantations in areas already affected by global change could be better adapted if they use alternative seed sources.

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Acknowledgments

This study is a part of two research projects: “Application of molecular biology techniques in forest restoration in Mediterranean environments, PAID-05-11” funded by the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), program for supporting R&D of new multidisciplinary research lines; and the contract subscribed between the UPV and the Ministry of Environment, Rural and Marine affairs (Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos Forestales de Alaquàs) through its public partnership TRAGSA titled: “Study of seedling quality and field performance of 12 seed sources of Pinus halepensis Mill.” The authors are grateful to Amparo Pedros-Marí for field work in La Hunde, to the Valencia Regional Government (CMAAUV, Generalitat Valenciana) and VAERSA staff for their support in allowing the use of the experimental forest of La Hunde. We thank Dr. Kasten Dumroese from USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station for his critical and valuable comments on the draft manuscript. Also, we thank the anonymous referees for their comments, which significantly improved the final manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Group in Forest Science and Technology (Re-ForeST), Department of Hydraulic Engineering and Environment, Universitat Politècnica de València, Cami de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain

    K. Taïbi & A. D. del Campo

  2. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universitat Politecnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Avd. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain

    K. Taïbi & J. M. Mulet

  3. Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Ibn Khaldoun University, BP 78, Campus Karman, 14000, Tiaret, Algeria

    K. Taïbi

  4. Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos Forestales de Alaquàs, Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente, Valencia, Spain

    J. Flors & A. Aguado

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  1. K. Taïbi
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  2. A. D. del Campo
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  3. J. M. Mulet
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  4. J. Flors
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  5. A. Aguado
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Correspondence to A. D. del Campo.

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Taïbi, K., del Campo, A.D., Mulet, J.M. et al. Testing Aleppo pine seed sources response to climate change by using trial sites reflecting future conditions. New Forests 45, 603–624 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-014-9423-y

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