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Synthesis, structure and electronic properties of ultranarrow CdS nanorods

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Abstract

We report on the one-step synthesis of ultra narrow wurtzite CdS nanorods using bench top chemical decomposition route. The synthesized CdS nanorods are of 1.8 nm in diameter and show major confinement along the radial dimension, which is well below the exciton Bohr radius of bulk CdS (2.5 nm). Structural and self-assembly properties of nanorods are studied using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements, which reveal preferred orientation of the nanorods along <00.2> direction with 2D supercrystalline spatial distribution. The estimated nanorod dimensions from XRD is corroborated with the transmission electron microscopy observations. UV–vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy reveals significant increase in the band gap in comparison to bulk CdS which is further tallied with the simulations using effective mass approximation (EMA). Formation of discrete structure of valence band and conduction band due to strongly quantum confined excitons in the radial direction is evidenced from EMA simulation. Combination of experimental and theoretical approach helps in understanding the structure–property relationship for ultranarrow CdS rods which might lead to nanorod based applications.

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Abbreviations

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

SAXS:

Small angle X-ray scattering

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

PL:

Photoluminescence

VB:

Valence band

CB:

Conduction band

EMA:

Effective mass approximation

HDA:

Hexadecylamine

FWHM:

Full width at half maximum

HRTEM:

High resolution TEM

CBM:

Conduction band minimum

VBM:

Valence band maximum

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Acknowledgments

Financial support under Grant #SR/S5/NM-47/2005 and Grant #SR/NM/NS-49/2009 from DST, India are gratefully acknowledged. The authors are thankful to nextnano 3 simulator, and Professor Stefan Birner for useful scientific advice with the simulation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM), Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India

    Umamahesh Thupakula, Amitav Jena, Ali Hossain Khan, Amit Dalui & Somobrata Acharya

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  1. Umamahesh Thupakula
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  2. Amitav Jena
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  3. Ali Hossain Khan
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  5. Somobrata Acharya
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Correspondence to Somobrata Acharya.

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Thupakula, U., Jena, A., Khan, A.H. et al. Synthesis, structure and electronic properties of ultranarrow CdS nanorods. J Nanopart Res 14, 701 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-011-0701-8

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