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Engineering of Bacillus lipase by directed evolution for enhanced thermal stability: effect of isoleucine to threonine mutation at protein surface

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Abstract

A lip gene from a Bacillus isolate was cloned and expressed in E. coli. By thermal denaturation analysis, T1/2 of lipase was observed to be 7 min at 50°C with less than 10% activity after 1 h incubation at 50°C. To expand the functionality of cloned lipase, attempts have been made to create thermostable variants of lip gene. A lipase variant with an isoleucine to threonine amino acid substitution at the protein surface was isolated that demonstrated higher thermostability than its wild type predecessor. To explore the structure–function relationship, the lip gene product of wild type (WT) and mutant was characterized in detail. The mutation enhanced the specific activity of enzyme by 2-folds when compared with WT. The mutant enzyme showed enhanced T1/2 of 21 min at 50°C. The kinetic parameters of the mutant enzyme were significantly altered. The mutant enzyme displayed higher affinity for substrate (decreased K m ) in comparison to the wild type. The k cat and catalytic efficiency (k cat/K m ) of mutant were also enhanced by two and five times, respectively, as compared with the WT. The mutation resides on the part of helix which is exposed to the solvent and away from the catalytic triad. The replacement of a solvent exposed hydrophobic residue (Ile) in WT with a hydrophilic residue (Thr) in mutant might impart thermostability to the protein structure.

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Acknowledgment

This study was supported by financial assistance to JK by Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

    Jyoti Khurana & Jagdeep Kaur

  2. Centre for Human Genome Studies and Research, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

    Ranvir Singh

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  1. Jyoti Khurana
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  2. Ranvir Singh
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  3. Jagdeep Kaur
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Correspondence to Jagdeep Kaur.

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Khurana, J., Singh, R. & Kaur, J. Engineering of Bacillus lipase by directed evolution for enhanced thermal stability: effect of isoleucine to threonine mutation at protein surface. Mol Biol Rep 38, 2919–2926 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-9954-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-9954-z

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