Abstract
The role of mitochondria in alterations that take place in the muscle cell during healthy aging is a matter of debate during recent years. Most of the studies in bioenergetics have a focus on the model of isolated mitochondria, while changes in the crosstalk between working myofibrils and mitochondria in senescent cardiomyocytes have been less studied. The aim of our research was to investigate the modifications in the highly regulated ATP production and energy transfer systems in heart cells in old rat cardiomyocytes. The results of our work demonstrated alterations in the diffusion restrictions of energy metabolites, manifested by changes in the apparent Michaelis–Menten constant of mitochondria to exogenous ADP. The creatine kinase (CK) phosphotransfer pathway efficiency declines significantly in senescence. The ability of creatine to stimulate OXPHOS as well as to increase the affinity of mitochondria for ADP is falling and the most critical decline is already in the 1-year group (middle-age model in rats). Also, a moderate decrease in the adenylate kinase phosphotransfer system was detected. The importance of glycolysis increases in senescence, while the hexokinase activity does not change during healthy aging. The main result of our study is that the decline in the heart muscle performance is not caused by the changes in the respiratory chain complexes activity but mainly by the decrease in the energy transfer efficiency, especially by the CK pathway.
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Abbreviations
- AK:
-
Adenylate kinase
- ANT:
-
Adenine nucleotide translocase
- CI–IV:
-
Respiratory chain complexes I–IV, respectively
- CM:
-
Cardiomyocyte
- CK:
-
Creatine kinase
- HK:
-
Hexokinase
- ICEU:
-
Intracellular energetic unit
- MI:
-
Mitochondrial interactosome
- MOM:
-
Mitochondrial outer membrane
- MtCK:
-
Mitochondrial creatine kinase
- OXPHOS:
-
Oxidative phosphorylation
- PCr:
-
Phosphocreatine
- RC:
-
Respiratory chain
- RCC:
-
Respiratory chain complex
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- VDAC:
-
Voltage-dependent anion channel
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Acknowledgements
Research sponsored by the institutional research funding IUT23-1 and IUT23-7 of the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research and the European Regional Development Fund project TK134. The skillful technical assistance by Aivar Uus and Marko Rõõmusoks is gratefully acknowledged.
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All applicable international, national, and institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. The animals were studied in accordance to the “Guide for the Care and Use of the Laboratory Animals” published by the US National Institute of Health (NIH publication no. 85-23, revised 1996). Animal procedures were approved by the Estonian National Committee for Ethics in Animal Experimentation (Estonian Ministry of Agriculture).
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Tepp, K., Puurand, M., Timohhina, N. et al. Changes in the mitochondrial function and in the efficiency of energy transfer pathways during cardiomyocyte aging. Mol Cell Biochem 432, 141–158 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-017-3005-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-017-3005-1