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Activation of RhoA and FAK induces ERK-mediated osteopontin expression in mechanical force-subjected periodontal ligament fibroblasts

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Abstract

The precise mechanism by which Rho kinase translates the mechanical signals into OPN up-regulation in force-exposed fibroblasts has not been elucidated. Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPLFs) were exposed to mechanical force by centrifuging the culture plates at a magnitude of 50 g/cm2 for 60 min. At various times of the force application, they were processed for analyzing cell viability, trypan blue exclusion, and OPN expression at protein and RNA levels. Cellular mechanism(s) of the force-induced OPN up-regulation was also examined using various kinase inhibitors or antisense oligonucleotides specific to mechanosensitive factors. Centrifugal force up-regulated OPN expression and induced a rapid and transient increase in the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and Elk1. Pharmacological blockade of RhoA/Rho-associated coiled coil-containing kinase (ROCK) signaling markedly reduced force-induced FAK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Transfecting hPLFs with FAK antisense oligonucleotide diminished ERK1/2 activation and force-induced OPN expression. Further, ERK inhibitor inhibited significantly OPN expression, Elk1 phosphorylation, and activator protein-1 (AP-1)-DNA binding activation, but not FAK phosphorylation, in the force-applied cells. These results demonstrate that FAK signaling plays critical roles in force-induced OPN expression in hPLFs through interaction with Rho/ROCK as upstream effectors and ERK-Elk1/ERK-c-Fos as downstream effectors.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by a grant from the Korea Healthcare Technology R&D Project, Ministry for Health, Welfare & Family Affairs, Republic of Korea (A084283).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, 443-721, South Korea

    So-Yeon Hong

  2. Institute of Oral Biosciences and 21 Century Education Center for Advanced Public Dental Health (BK 21 Program), School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, South Korea

    Young-Mi Jeon, Hyun-Jung Lee, Jong-Ghee Kim, Jin-A. Baek & Jeong-Chae Lee

  3. Department of Bioactive Materials and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, South Korea

    Jeong-Chae Lee

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  1. So-Yeon Hong
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Hong, SY., Jeon, YM., Lee, HJ. et al. Activation of RhoA and FAK induces ERK-mediated osteopontin expression in mechanical force-subjected periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Mol Cell Biochem 335, 263–272 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-009-0276-1

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